Infecciones de vías respiratorias bajas en enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica trabajo realizado en el Area de Emergencia en el Hospital General Martín Icaza de Babahoyo período de enero 2017 a diciembre del 2019
Fecha
2020
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Las patologías pulmonares crónicas en la zona 5 del cantón Babahoyo,
representa el 15.1% del territorio provincia de los Ríos es un problema que
aqueja a los pacientes atendidos en el servicio de Emergencia del Hospital
Martin Icaza. Sin embargo esos cuadros de larga data se pueden ver
afectados por procesos infecciosos de manera aguda, lo cual se facilita
mucho más por ciertos factores a los que esos pacientes considerados
como vulnerables se encuentran expuestos de manera constante. Los
Materiales y métodos con un diseño transversal se incluyeron un universo
constituido por 315 historias clínicas de pacientes con EPOC que fueron
diagnosticados con infecciones de vías respiratorias bajas, de los cuales
solo 142 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y de ellos 87 pacientes
fueron ingresados con manifestaciones clínicas compatibles con
infecciones respiratorias de vías bajas severas a los cuales se los
diagnostico mediante auscultación, radiografía de tórax, Tac y se dio el trato
adecuadamente, habiendo encontrado la etiología de esta complicación con
la posterior resolución del cuadro y modificación del tratamiento de base. La
población y muestra del subgrupo de edad de 66 a 70 años con 56% de
pacientes mayor riesgo, pero debemos considerar que los grupos de 50 y
65 años tienen un incremento consistente con los datos del departamento
de estadística del Hospital General Martín Icaza. Los factores de riesgo
predisponente a las infecciones de vías respiratorias baja con EPOC se
encuentran en concordancia con estudios internacionales situando al
consumo de tabaco como principal factor desencadenante, la
contaminación domiciliaria y la contaminación laboral representan un factor
asociado considerable a la aparición de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva
crónica
Chronic pulmonary pathologies in zone 5 of the Babahoyo canton, representing 15.1% of the territory of the province of Los Ríos, is a problem that afflicts the patients treated in the Emergency service of the Martin Icaza Hospital. However, these long-standing conditions can be acutely affected by infectious processes, which is much more facilitated by certain factors to which those patients considered vulnerable are constantly exposed. Materials and methods with a cross-sectional design included a sample consisting of 315 medical records with COPD, with diagnosed of lower respiratory tract infections, of which 142 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and of these 87 patients were admitted with clinical manifestations compatible with severe lower respiratory tract infections to which they were diagnosed by auscultation, chest X-ray, CT scan and were treated appropriately, having found the etiology of this complication with the subsequent resolution of the condition and modification of the basic treatment. The population and sample of the age subgroup from 66 to 70 years with 56% of patients increased risk, but we must consider that the groups of 50 and 65 years have an increase consistent with the data from the statistics department of Hospital General Martín Icaza. The risk factors predisposing to lower respiratory tract infections with COPD are in agreement with international studies, placing tobacco consumption as the main triggering factor, household pollution and workplace pollution represent a factor considerably associated with the appearance of lung disease chronic obstructive.
Chronic pulmonary pathologies in zone 5 of the Babahoyo canton, representing 15.1% of the territory of the province of Los Ríos, is a problem that afflicts the patients treated in the Emergency service of the Martin Icaza Hospital. However, these long-standing conditions can be acutely affected by infectious processes, which is much more facilitated by certain factors to which those patients considered vulnerable are constantly exposed. Materials and methods with a cross-sectional design included a sample consisting of 315 medical records with COPD, with diagnosed of lower respiratory tract infections, of which 142 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and of these 87 patients were admitted with clinical manifestations compatible with severe lower respiratory tract infections to which they were diagnosed by auscultation, chest X-ray, CT scan and were treated appropriately, having found the etiology of this complication with the subsequent resolution of the condition and modification of the basic treatment. The population and sample of the age subgroup from 66 to 70 years with 56% of patients increased risk, but we must consider that the groups of 50 and 65 years have an increase consistent with the data from the statistics department of Hospital General Martín Icaza. The risk factors predisposing to lower respiratory tract infections with COPD are in agreement with international studies, placing tobacco consumption as the main triggering factor, household pollution and workplace pollution represent a factor considerably associated with the appearance of lung disease chronic obstructive.
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Infecciones del sistema respiratorio, Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, Complicaciones, Hospital General Martín Icaza, Cantón Babahoyo, Ecuador