Concentración de Metales Pesados ( Cr total, Pb, Cd) en Agua Superficial y Sedimentos en el Estero Salado
Fecha
2011
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales
Resumen
El presente trabajo realizado durante la época seca (Agosto, Septiembre, Octubre) del año 2010 en cinco puntos del Estero Salado de Guayaquil se determinó la concentración de metales pesados Cadmio (Cd), Cromo total (Cr), Plomo (Pb), en las matrices agua superficial y sedimento las mismas que reportaron valores de Cd (ND – 0.06 ppm), Cr y Pb (ND - 0,01 ppm) para las muestras de agua superficial, mientras que los sedimentos fueron de Cd (ND – 9, 50), Cr (11, 99 – 43,47 ppm), Pb (13,47 – 69,47). Adicionalmente se tomaron muestras de gasterópodos (Cerithidea valida) para determinar si estos metales afectaban a dichos organismos y por consiguiente a la cadena trófica, los organismos fueron capturados en el área de estudio en el mes de Octubre obteniendo resultados de Cd (1,37 – 3,5), Cr (4,50 – 7,99), Pb (18,73 – 41,03). Los valores encontrados en cada una de las matrices nos refleja la problemática medio ambiental existente en este ecosistema debido principalmente a las actividades industriales, crecimiento poblacional acelerado, deforestación y el mal manejo de desecho y descargas de uso domestico e industrial no tratadas, ocasionando asi el deterioro de este ecosistema.
This work done during the dry season (August, September, October) of 2010 in Salado five points of Guayaquil was determined concentration of heavy metals cadmium (Cd), total Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb) in the surface water and sediment matrices the same as reported values of Cd (ND - 0.06 ppm), Cr and Pb (ND - 0.01 ppm) for samples of surface water, while sediment were Cd (ND - 9 50), Cr (11, 99 to 43.47 ppm), Pb (13.47 to 69.47). Additionally gastropods were sampled (Cerithidea valid) to determine if these metals affect these organisms and therefore the food chain, organisms were captured in the study area in the month of October obtaining results of Cd (1.37 - 3.5), Cr (4.50 to 7.99), Pb (18.73 to 41.03). The values found in each of the matrices we reflect the environmental problems existing in this ecosystem due mainly to industrial, rapid population growth, deforestation and mismanagement of waste and discharges of domestic and industrial use untreated thus causing the deterioration of this ecosystem.
This work done during the dry season (August, September, October) of 2010 in Salado five points of Guayaquil was determined concentration of heavy metals cadmium (Cd), total Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb) in the surface water and sediment matrices the same as reported values of Cd (ND - 0.06 ppm), Cr and Pb (ND - 0.01 ppm) for samples of surface water, while sediment were Cd (ND - 9 50), Cr (11, 99 to 43.47 ppm), Pb (13.47 to 69.47). Additionally gastropods were sampled (Cerithidea valid) to determine if these metals affect these organisms and therefore the food chain, organisms were captured in the study area in the month of October obtaining results of Cd (1.37 - 3.5), Cr (4.50 to 7.99), Pb (18.73 to 41.03). The values found in each of the matrices we reflect the environmental problems existing in this ecosystem due mainly to industrial, rapid population growth, deforestation and mismanagement of waste and discharges of domestic and industrial use untreated thus causing the deterioration of this ecosystem.
Descripción
Palabras clave
ESTERO SALADO, CADMIO, CROMO, PLOMO