Aplicación de los criterios de Tokio en el diagnóstico de colecistitis aguda y su tratamiento
Fecha
2020
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La colecistitis aguda es una patología caracterizada por la inflamación de la pared vesicular,
que se manifiesta con dolor abdominal localizado en hipocondrio derecho, vómitos y fiebre. El
objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la utilidad de los criterios de Tokio 2018 en el
diagnóstico de colecistitis aguda y su tratamiento en pacientes adultos entre 18 y 65 años de
edad en el área de urgencias del Hospital General Monte Sinaí durante el periodo 2018-2020.
La metodología utilizada fue un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental de corte transversal ya
que se hizo la revisión de literatura de temas ya conocidos y datos previamente almacenados.
El estudio de sensibilidad y especificidad mostró que las variables con mayor porcentaje de
probabilidad para el diagnóstico de colecistitis aguda fueron: el signo de Murphy con el 86,1%
de sensibilidad (P < 0.05), el engrosamiento de la pared vesicular con un 100% de sensibilidad
y con un 70% de especificidad (P > 0.05) y la presencia de cálculos con el 66% de sensibilidad
y el 77% de especificidad (P < 0.05). Con estudios de fiabilidad bajos. Se concluyó que las
variables estudiadas son de gran utilidad para el diagnóstico de colecistitis aguda, pero ninguna
de ellas mostró una sensibilidad y especificidad suficientemente alta para tomarse únicamente
en cuenta.
Acute cholecystitis is a pathology characterized by inflammation of the gallbladder wall, which manifests itself with localized abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant, vomiting, and fever. The objective of this research was to determine the usefulness of the Tokyo 2018 criteria in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis and its treatment in adult patients between 18 and 65 years of age in the emergency area of Mount Sinai General Hospital during the period 2018-2020. The methodology used was a quantitative, nonexperimental, cross-sectional approach since the literature review of already known topics and previously stored data. The sensitivity and specificity study showed that the variables with the highest probability percentage for the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis were: Murphy's sign with 86,1% sensitivity (P <0.05), thickening of the gallbladder wall with 100% of sensitivity and with 70% specificity (P> 0.05) and the presence of stones with 66% sensitivity and 77% specificity (P <0.05). With low-reliability studies. We concluded that the variables studied are very useful for the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis, but none of them showed sufficient sensitivity and specificity to be taken into account only.
Acute cholecystitis is a pathology characterized by inflammation of the gallbladder wall, which manifests itself with localized abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant, vomiting, and fever. The objective of this research was to determine the usefulness of the Tokyo 2018 criteria in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis and its treatment in adult patients between 18 and 65 years of age in the emergency area of Mount Sinai General Hospital during the period 2018-2020. The methodology used was a quantitative, nonexperimental, cross-sectional approach since the literature review of already known topics and previously stored data. The sensitivity and specificity study showed that the variables with the highest probability percentage for the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis were: Murphy's sign with 86,1% sensitivity (P <0.05), thickening of the gallbladder wall with 100% of sensitivity and with 70% specificity (P> 0.05) and the presence of stones with 66% sensitivity and 77% specificity (P <0.05). With low-reliability studies. We concluded that the variables studied are very useful for the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis, but none of them showed sufficient sensitivity and specificity to be taken into account only.
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Palabras clave
Vesícula biliar, Cálculos biliares, Colecistitis aguda, Epidemiología analítica, Hospital General Monte Sinaí, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Criterios de Tokio