Fenología de los mangles rojos (Rhizophora mangle y r. racemosa) en la ciudad de Guayaquil, Ecuador
Fecha
2021-03
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El presente estudio registra el comportamiento fenológico de los mangles rojos Rhizophora mangle y R. racemosa en dos ramales localizados en la ciudad de Guayaquil (Parque Lineal y Parque Kennedy Norte), durante la estación seca, desde el mes de agosto de hasta el mes de diciembre del 2020. En cada ramal se establecieron 5 parcelas de forma rectangular, en cada parcela se censaron 5 árboles, cada uno de estos fueron marcados con una cartilla y su respectivo código. En cada individuo se seleccionaron al azar 10 inflorescencias y dos flores por cada una de ellas, éstas fueron monitoreadas semanalmente con relación al diámetro de la abertura floral. La longitud de los frutos se registró cada quince días y se tomó las medidas con la ayuda de un flexómetro. Durante cada salida de campo se tomaron datos de temperatura las cuales oscilaron entre los 29°C y los 32°C y la salinidad la cual se mantuvo igual durante todo el tiempo de muestreo con un promedio de 16 ppm para finalmente correlacionarlos con los promedios obtenidos. En las observaciones fenológicas, se encontraron los siguientes aspectos en cuanto a los diámetros de la abertura floral, R. mangle durante su última fecha de registro, perteneciente al mes de septiembre desarrolló medidas que oscilan entre los 1,8 cm a 2 cm a temperaturas de 32 °C distinto de R. racemosa que registró medidas cercanas a 1,5 y 1,8 cm con un proceso más lento, sin embargo en los meses de noviembre y diciembre hubo un desarrollo más apresurado en la longitud de los frutos en R. racemosa a temperaturas altas con tallas que varían entre los 2,0 a 2,6 cm, valores casi cercanos a los de R. mangle con 2,5 a 3 cm quien presentó una mayor longitud durante todo el tiempo. Finalmente se concluyó, fue la especie R. mangle quien desarrolló más rápido su floración y su fructificación mientras que R. racemosa demostró tener un desarrollo más pausado durante toda la época seca en ambos sitios de estudio.
This study records the phenological behavior of the rhizophora mangle and R. racemosa red mangroves in two branches located in the city of Guayaquil (Parque Lineal y Parque Kennedy Norte), during the dry season, from August to December 2020 In each branch 5 rectangular plots were established, on each plot 5 trees were censed each of these were marked with a card and its respective code.In each individual, 10 inflorescences and two flowers were randomly selected for each of them,these were monitored weekly in relation to the diameter of the floral opening.The length of the fruits was recorded every fortnight and measurements were taken with the help of a flexometer.During each field outing, temperature data were taken, ranging from 29ºC to 32ºC and salinity which remained the same throughout the sampling time and eventually correlated them with the averages obtained In the phenological observations, the following aspects were found as to the diameters of the opening R. mangle during its last registration date in September developed measures ranging from 1.8 cm to 2 cm to temperatures of 32oC other than R. racemosa which recorded measures close to 1.5 and 1.8 cm with a slower process, however in the months of November and December there was a more hasty development in the length of the fruits in R. racemose at high temperatures with sizes ranging from 2.0 to 2.6 cm,values almost close to those of R. mangle with 2.5 to 3 cm who had a longer length all the time. It was finally concluded; it was the species R. mangle that developed its flowering and fruiting faster while R. racemosa proved to have a more leisurely development throughout the dry season at both study sites.
This study records the phenological behavior of the rhizophora mangle and R. racemosa red mangroves in two branches located in the city of Guayaquil (Parque Lineal y Parque Kennedy Norte), during the dry season, from August to December 2020 In each branch 5 rectangular plots were established, on each plot 5 trees were censed each of these were marked with a card and its respective code.In each individual, 10 inflorescences and two flowers were randomly selected for each of them,these were monitored weekly in relation to the diameter of the floral opening.The length of the fruits was recorded every fortnight and measurements were taken with the help of a flexometer.During each field outing, temperature data were taken, ranging from 29ºC to 32ºC and salinity which remained the same throughout the sampling time and eventually correlated them with the averages obtained In the phenological observations, the following aspects were found as to the diameters of the opening R. mangle during its last registration date in September developed measures ranging from 1.8 cm to 2 cm to temperatures of 32oC other than R. racemosa which recorded measures close to 1.5 and 1.8 cm with a slower process, however in the months of November and December there was a more hasty development in the length of the fruits in R. racemose at high temperatures with sizes ranging from 2.0 to 2.6 cm,values almost close to those of R. mangle with 2.5 to 3 cm who had a longer length all the time. It was finally concluded; it was the species R. mangle that developed its flowering and fruiting faster while R. racemosa proved to have a more leisurely development throughout the dry season at both study sites.
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FENOLOGÍ, MANGLAR, MANGLES ROJOS, RHIZOPHORA