ESTRATEGIAS DE AFRONTAMIENTO DEL DUELO EN DIFERENTES GRUPOS POBLACIONES DURANTE LA PANDEMIA DEL COVID-19 EN CIUDAD DE GUAYAQUIL
Fecha
2020
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Universidad de Guayaquil -Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas
Resumen
El Covid-19 ha producido pérdidas de vidas humanas, de la estabilidad económica y de nuestro estilo de vida como lo conocíamos. El presente estudio exploró la eficacia percibida de las estrategias para el afrontamiento del duelo durante la pandemia en Guayaquil, Ecuador. Se utilizó una encuesta en línea, que fue completada por 183 participantes que vivieron algún tipo de pérdida. Se identificaron las estrategias de afrontamiento más frecuentes; y se infirió la eficacia percibida en base a la disminución reportada de efectos psicológicos inherentes al duelo. La mayoría de participantes (83,34%) reportó una disminución parcial de tales efectos, por lo que se interpreta que las estrategias serían predominantemente percibidas como eficaces. Adicionalmente, se realizó un análisis temático del discurso para profundizar dicha interpretación. Las estrategias más frecuentes fueron la búsqueda de apoyo de la familia, amigos y pareja, tendiendo los medios digitales un importante rol; la religión; y el aprovechamiento del tiempo para replantearse los planes a futuro, el bienestar físico y la rutina diaria. Las estrategias menos utilizadas fueron la asistencia física a eventos comunitarios y la asistencia psicológica profesional. Algunos discursos subrayaron la influencia de problemas como la corrupción, la falta de oportunidades laborales, determinadas decisiones tomadas por el gobierno, y la imposibilidad de ejercer el derecho a la protesta de forma física. Se discuten los hallazgos, incluyendo reflexiones sobre el carácter exploratorio del estudio, la limitación en la diversidad de la muestra, y la contribución de las hipótesis que surgen del conocimiento construido
Covid-19 has caused loss of human life, economic stability and our lifestyle as we knew it. The present study explored the perceived efficacy of strategies for coping with grief during the pandemic in Guayaquil, Ecuador. An online survey was used, which was completed by 183 participants who experienced some type of loss. The most frequent coping strategies were identified; and perceived efficacy was inferred based on the reported decrease in psychological effects correlated to grief. The majority of participants (83.34%) reported a partial decrease in these effects, which is why it is interpreted that the strategies would be predominantly perceived as effective. Additionally, a thematic analysis of the discourse was carried out to deepen this interpretation. The most frequent strategies discovered were seeking support from family, friends and partner, with digital media playing an important role; religion; and taking advantage of the time to rethink future plans, physical well-being and daily routine. The least used strategies were physical assistance to community events and professional psychological assistance. Some of the compiled dialogues highlighted the influence of problems such as corruption, lack of job opportunities, certain decisions taken by the government, and the impossibility of exercising the right to protest on the streets. The findings are discussed, including reflections on the exploratory nature of the study, the limitation in the diversity of the sample, and the contribution of the hypotheses that arise from the constructed knowledge
Covid-19 has caused loss of human life, economic stability and our lifestyle as we knew it. The present study explored the perceived efficacy of strategies for coping with grief during the pandemic in Guayaquil, Ecuador. An online survey was used, which was completed by 183 participants who experienced some type of loss. The most frequent coping strategies were identified; and perceived efficacy was inferred based on the reported decrease in psychological effects correlated to grief. The majority of participants (83.34%) reported a partial decrease in these effects, which is why it is interpreted that the strategies would be predominantly perceived as effective. Additionally, a thematic analysis of the discourse was carried out to deepen this interpretation. The most frequent strategies discovered were seeking support from family, friends and partner, with digital media playing an important role; religion; and taking advantage of the time to rethink future plans, physical well-being and daily routine. The least used strategies were physical assistance to community events and professional psychological assistance. Some of the compiled dialogues highlighted the influence of problems such as corruption, lack of job opportunities, certain decisions taken by the government, and the impossibility of exercising the right to protest on the streets. The findings are discussed, including reflections on the exploratory nature of the study, the limitation in the diversity of the sample, and the contribution of the hypotheses that arise from the constructed knowledge
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estrategias de afrontamiento, duelo, pandemia, Covid-19