IMPORTANCIA DE LA FUNCIONALIDAD Y AUTONOMÍA EN EL ADULTO MAYOR PARA UN ENVEJECIMIENTO EXITOSO
Fecha
2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil -Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas
Resumen
Este trabajo corresponde a una sistematización de experiencias prácticas sobre el tema “Importancia de la funcionalidad y autonomía en el adulto mayor para un envejecimiento exitoso”, basado en la práctica efectuada con adultos mayores de la cátedra de Psicología del Desarrollo. Se estudiaron a adultas mayores desde diferentes esferas de su vida, lo que permitió reconocerlas como personas altamente funcionales y autónomas, que les permitía vivir su vejez exitosamente. De esta manera se plantea como eje: ¿Por qué la funcionalidad y autonomía son de importancia para alcanzar el envejecimiento exitoso?, estableciendo como objetivo analizar el nivel de funcionalidad y autonomía en el adulto mayor a partir de la revisión de información obtenida para establecer la importancia en el envejecimiento exitoso. Se presenta una metodología de tipo cualitativa/descriptiva, siendo las fuentes de información: los adultos mayores seleccionados, informes y reportes de los instrumentos y el informe final. Se trabajó desde un enfoque psicosocial, generando como reflexión crítica que el envejecimiento exitoso en las adultas mayores ha sido alcanzado al mantener un alto nivel de funcionalidad y autonomía, lo cual ha sido producto de su capacidad para afrontar pérdidas, mantenerse activas socialmente y estar conscientes del cuidado su salud. Finalmente se concluyó que los adultos mayores alcanzan un envejecimiento exitoso, en cuanto mantengan su capacidad funcional para interactuar en las diferentes esferas de su entorno, ya que esto les permite tener una interacción y desempeño activo con su medio, lo cual hace que se pueda envejecer con satisfacción y bienestar subjetivo
This work concerns to a systematization of practical experiences about the topic “Importance of functionality and autonomy in the elderly for successful aging", based on the practice carried out with older adults from the asignature of Developmental Psychology. Older adults were studied from different spheres of their lives, which allowed them to be recognized as highly functional and autonomous people, a fact that allowed them to live their old age successfully. Therefore, it is proposed as an axis: Why are functionality and autonomy important to achieve successful aging ?, the objective is to analyze the level of functionality and autonomy in the elderly from the review of information obtained to establish the importance in successful aging. A qualitative/descriptive methodology is presented, the sources of information are: selected older adults, reports of the instruments and the final report. We worked from a psychosocial approach, generating as a critical reflection that successful aging in older adults has been achieved by maintaining a high level of functionality and autonomy, which has been the product of their ability to face losses, stay socially active and be aware of their health care. Finally, it was concluded that older adults achieve successful aging, as long as they maintain their functional capacity to interact in the different spheres of their environment, because this allows them to have an actively interact with their environment, which makes it possible to age with satisfaction and well-being
This work concerns to a systematization of practical experiences about the topic “Importance of functionality and autonomy in the elderly for successful aging", based on the practice carried out with older adults from the asignature of Developmental Psychology. Older adults were studied from different spheres of their lives, which allowed them to be recognized as highly functional and autonomous people, a fact that allowed them to live their old age successfully. Therefore, it is proposed as an axis: Why are functionality and autonomy important to achieve successful aging ?, the objective is to analyze the level of functionality and autonomy in the elderly from the review of information obtained to establish the importance in successful aging. A qualitative/descriptive methodology is presented, the sources of information are: selected older adults, reports of the instruments and the final report. We worked from a psychosocial approach, generating as a critical reflection that successful aging in older adults has been achieved by maintaining a high level of functionality and autonomy, which has been the product of their ability to face losses, stay socially active and be aware of their health care. Finally, it was concluded that older adults achieve successful aging, as long as they maintain their functional capacity to interact in the different spheres of their environment, because this allows them to have an actively interact with their environment, which makes it possible to age with satisfaction and well-being
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Palabras clave
Adulto Mayor, Envejecimiento Exitoso, Funcionalidad, Autonomía, Bienestar Subjetivo