Estado actual del bruxismo
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2021-10
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
Desde la antigüedad hasta la actualidad se ha informado sobre el
bruxismo. El bruxismo es denominado como un hábito o actividad no funcional que
ocurre en gran parte de la población a nivel mundial. Se caracteriza por el
apretamiento mandibular y rechinamiento de las piezas dentarias de manera
consciente o inconsciente. Lo que ocasiona el mal funcionamiento y pérdida de
integridad del sistema estomatognático. Origina lesiones dentales, alteraciones
temporomandibulares, dolor e hipertonicidad de los músculos afectados, agudizar
la enfermedad periodontal existente. Dentro de la clasificación del bruxismo, se lo
ha diferenciado del primario y secundario, diurno y nocturno, céntrico o excéntrico,
según su intensidad en grados I, II y III. Problema: ¿Cómo se determina el estado
actual del bruxismo? Objetivo: Determinar el estado actual del bruxismo,
etiopatogenia y manejo clínico. Metodología: Se realizó un trabajo de revisión
bibliográfica, con textos clásicos y artículos obtenidos de Scielo, PubMed,
medgraphic, NCBI, Se considera Analítico – Sintético, ya que se realizó un
profundo análisis de diferentes publicaciones acerca del bruxismo, su diagnóstico
y consideraciones que el odontólogo debe tener para lograr éxito en sus
tratamientos. Resultados: El bruxismo se asocia con diversos factores por lo que
se lo considera multifactorial. El factor más predominante es el estrés y lo que
conlleva a la tensión emocional como ansiedad, depresión, fatiga, etc.
Conclusión: Existen alternativas de tratamientos para atenuar el bruxismo, tales
como terapias psicológicas, el uso de férulas oclusales que es el más común,
xiii
férulas biorretroalimentación, estimulación eléctrica, farmacoterapia o incluso con
toxina botulínica A.
Since ancient times to the present day, bruxism has been reported. Bruxism is called a habit or non-functional activity that occurs in a large part of the population worldwide. It is characterized by the jaw clenching and clenching of the teeth consciously or unconsciously. What causes the malfunction and loss of integrity of the stomatognathic system. To dental injuries, temporomandibular alterations, pain and hypertonicity of the affected muscles, exacerbate the existing periodontal disease. Within the classification of bruxism, it has been differentiated from primary and secondary, awake and sleep bruxism, centric or eccentric, grades I, II and III. Problem: How is the current state of bruxism determined? Objective: To determine the current state of bruxism, etiopathogenesis and clinical management. Methodology: A bibliographic review work was carried out, with articles updated in the last 5 years obtained from Scielo, PubMed, academic Google, and others. It is considered Analytical - Synthetic, since a deep analysis of different publications about bruxism, its diagnosis and considerations that the dentist must have to achieve success in their treatments was carried out. Results: Bruxism is associated with various factors, which is why it is considered multifactorial. The most predominant factor is stress and what leads to emotional tension such as anxiety, depression, fatigue, etc. Conclusion: There are alternative treatments to attenuate bruxism, such as psychological therapies, the xiv use of occlusal splints, which is the most common, biofeedback splints, electrical stimulation, pharmacotherapy or even botulinum toxin A.
Since ancient times to the present day, bruxism has been reported. Bruxism is called a habit or non-functional activity that occurs in a large part of the population worldwide. It is characterized by the jaw clenching and clenching of the teeth consciously or unconsciously. What causes the malfunction and loss of integrity of the stomatognathic system. To dental injuries, temporomandibular alterations, pain and hypertonicity of the affected muscles, exacerbate the existing periodontal disease. Within the classification of bruxism, it has been differentiated from primary and secondary, awake and sleep bruxism, centric or eccentric, grades I, II and III. Problem: How is the current state of bruxism determined? Objective: To determine the current state of bruxism, etiopathogenesis and clinical management. Methodology: A bibliographic review work was carried out, with articles updated in the last 5 years obtained from Scielo, PubMed, academic Google, and others. It is considered Analytical - Synthetic, since a deep analysis of different publications about bruxism, its diagnosis and considerations that the dentist must have to achieve success in their treatments was carried out. Results: Bruxism is associated with various factors, which is why it is considered multifactorial. The most predominant factor is stress and what leads to emotional tension such as anxiety, depression, fatigue, etc. Conclusion: There are alternative treatments to attenuate bruxism, such as psychological therapies, the xiv use of occlusal splints, which is the most common, biofeedback splints, electrical stimulation, pharmacotherapy or even botulinum toxin A.
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BRUXISMO, ESTRES, ALTERACIONES BUCODENTALES