Gingivitis Ulcero necrosante y su relación con el VIH-sida
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2021-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
La Gingivitis Úlceronecrosante es una patología peligrosa, aunque poco frecuente en pacientes sanos. Desde la primera infección por el virus del VIH los casos de GUN han incrementado, sugiriendo que existe una asociación entre ambas entidades. Objetivo: Describir la relación que existe entre la aparición de Gingivitis Úlceronecrosante y la infección por VIH – SIDA. Materiales y métodos: Investigación de revisión bibliográfica con enfoque cualitativo, explicativo y descriptivo basada en artículos científicos de alto impacto recolectados de plataformas como Elsevier, Redalyc, PubMed, Mediagraphic, entre otras. Se realizó el método analítico- sintético e histórico – lógico donde el instrumento de recolección de datos fue la ficha de registro. Resultados: La revisión de la literatura señala que la GUN se presenta con mayor frecuencia en pacientes infectados por VIH, esto debido a que la etapa avanzada de esta infección produce una disminución de la cantidad de linfocitos TCD4, permitiendo a patógenos de la cavidad oral, proliferarse y colonizar los tejidos de manera rápida y agresiva. Conclusiones: Basándose en la revisión de la literatura, se determinó que un paciente infectado por VIH es 20,8 veces más susceptible a desarrollar GUN que un paciente sano, la naturaleza de esta enfermedad indica que se debe a invasión de Espiroquetas fusiformes siendo la más predominante la Treponema dentícola y su tratamiento consiste en antibióticoterapia e instrumentación periodontal
Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis is a dangerous pathology, but it is rare in healthy patients. Since the first infection by the HIV virus, the cases of NUG have increased, suggesting that there is an association between both entities. Objective: To describe the relationship between the appearance of Necrotizing Ulcer Gingivitis and HIV-AIDS infection. Materials and methods: Bibliographic review research with a qualitative, explanatory and descriptive approach based on high-impact scientific articles collected from platforms such as Elsevier, Redalyc, PubMed, Mediagraphic, among others. The analytical-synthetic and historical-logical method was carried out where the data collection instrument was the registration form. Results: The literature review indicates NUG occurs more frequently in HIV-infected patients because the advanced stage of this infection produces a decrease in the amount of TCD4 lymphocytes, allowing pathogens of the oral cavity, proliferate and colonize tissues rapidly and aggressively. Conclusions: Based on the literature review, it was determined that an HIV-infected patient is 20.8 times more susceptible to developing NUG than a healthy patient, the nature of this disease indicates that it is due to invasion of spindle-shaped spirochetes being the most predominant the Treponema dentícola and its treatment consists of antibiotic therapy and periodontal instrumentation
Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis is a dangerous pathology, but it is rare in healthy patients. Since the first infection by the HIV virus, the cases of NUG have increased, suggesting that there is an association between both entities. Objective: To describe the relationship between the appearance of Necrotizing Ulcer Gingivitis and HIV-AIDS infection. Materials and methods: Bibliographic review research with a qualitative, explanatory and descriptive approach based on high-impact scientific articles collected from platforms such as Elsevier, Redalyc, PubMed, Mediagraphic, among others. The analytical-synthetic and historical-logical method was carried out where the data collection instrument was the registration form. Results: The literature review indicates NUG occurs more frequently in HIV-infected patients because the advanced stage of this infection produces a decrease in the amount of TCD4 lymphocytes, allowing pathogens of the oral cavity, proliferate and colonize tissues rapidly and aggressively. Conclusions: Based on the literature review, it was determined that an HIV-infected patient is 20.8 times more susceptible to developing NUG than a healthy patient, the nature of this disease indicates that it is due to invasion of spindle-shaped spirochetes being the most predominant the Treponema dentícola and its treatment consists of antibiotic therapy and periodontal instrumentation
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GINGIVITIS, VIH, SIDA SINDROME DE INMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIRIDA