Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento para la captación del río Payacacao del sector Payacacao del cantón Echeandía provincia Bolívar
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2021-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil - Facultad de Ciencias Matemáticas y Físicas - Carrera Ingeniería Civil
Resumen
Se diseñó un sistema de tratamiento de agua potable para el cantón Echeandía ubicado en la provincia Bolívar, mismo que mejorará la calidad de agua en la población. Para el diseño de la planta de tratamiento se realizó análisis de caracterización de agua. Los resultados ayudaron a la identificación de los procesos a emplearse, también se consideró una dotación de 210 L/h/d, para una población de 31414 proyectada a 25 años, captando un caudal de 0,4761 m3/s, entregando a la planta de tratamiento un caudal de 0,11758 m3/s, determinándose tres desarenadores sin pantalla deflectora con una capacidad de 385,41 m3 cada uno y una carga hidráulica de 52,04 m3/m2*d, tendremos una cámara repartidora de caudales que repartirá y trasportará caudales a los filtros que estarán en operación, se contará cinco filtros rápidos a gravedad con una tasa de filtración de 300 m3/m2*d, con un volumen de 112,88 m3 para su auto lavado, obteniendo un volumen filtrado de 3.386,42 m3 al día por cada filtro, se diseñó un tanque hipo-clorador con un volumen de 1,674 m3 para la solución madre, este tanque contará con un sistema regulador de caudal que dosificará durante 8 horas al tanque de cloración que cuenta con un volumen de 176,37 m3 y un tiempo de residencia de 25 minutos, luego se traslada a un tanque de reserva de 2622,14 m3 y finalmente se pasa a dos tanques de almacenamiento y distribución de 180 m3 cada uno, donde se conectará a la red de distribución ya existente.
A drinking water treatment system was designed, for the Echeandía canton located in the Bolívar province, to improve the water quality of the population. For the design of the treatment plant, a water characterization analysis was carried out. The results helped to identify the processes to be used, and also considered an endowment of 210 L / h / d, for a population of 31,414 projected to 25 years, capturing a flow of 0.4761 m3 / s, delivering to the treatment plant a flow of 0.11758 m3 / s, determining three desanders without a deflector screen with a capacity of 385.41 m3 each, and a hydraulic load of 52.04 m3 / m2 * d, we will have a flow distribution chamber that will distribute and transport flows to the filters that will be in operation, there will be five quick gravity filters with a filtration rate of 300 m3 / m2 * d, with a volume of 112.88 m3 for self-cleaning, obtaining a filtered volume of 3,386 , 42 m3 per day for each filter. A hypochlorinator tank was designed with a volume of 1,674 m3 for the mother solution, this tank will have a flow regulator system that will dose the chlorination tank for 8 hours, which has a volume of 176.37 m3 and a residence time of 25 minutes, then it is transferred to a reserve tank of 2,622.14 m3 and finally to two storage and distribution tanks of 180 m3 each, where it will be connected to the existing distribution network.
A drinking water treatment system was designed, for the Echeandía canton located in the Bolívar province, to improve the water quality of the population. For the design of the treatment plant, a water characterization analysis was carried out. The results helped to identify the processes to be used, and also considered an endowment of 210 L / h / d, for a population of 31,414 projected to 25 years, capturing a flow of 0.4761 m3 / s, delivering to the treatment plant a flow of 0.11758 m3 / s, determining three desanders without a deflector screen with a capacity of 385.41 m3 each, and a hydraulic load of 52.04 m3 / m2 * d, we will have a flow distribution chamber that will distribute and transport flows to the filters that will be in operation, there will be five quick gravity filters with a filtration rate of 300 m3 / m2 * d, with a volume of 112.88 m3 for self-cleaning, obtaining a filtered volume of 3,386 , 42 m3 per day for each filter. A hypochlorinator tank was designed with a volume of 1,674 m3 for the mother solution, this tank will have a flow regulator system that will dose the chlorination tank for 8 hours, which has a volume of 176.37 m3 and a residence time of 25 minutes, then it is transferred to a reserve tank of 2,622.14 m3 and finally to two storage and distribution tanks of 180 m3 each, where it will be connected to the existing distribution network.
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Palabras clave
DISEÑO, CAPTACIÓN, TRATAMIENTO, AGUA POTABLE, PARAMETROS