Identificación y evaluación de riesgos ergonómicos con el diseño e implementación de una APK para los puestos de trabajos operativos de Proenergy S.A.
Fecha
2021-12-27
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Salud e Higiene Industrial.
Resumen
El presente trabajo de titulación denominado identificación y evaluación de riesgos ergonómicos con el diseño e implementación de una APK para los puestos de trabajos operativos de PROENERGY S.A. tuvo como principal objetivo realizar la identificación y evaluación de riesgos ergonómicos al personal técnico de corte y reconexión mediante el diseño e implementación de una aplicación móvil. El enfoque de la investigación según su carácter es descriptiva no experimental con una orientación mixta (cuali-cuantitativo), consiste en una investigación de campo ya que se analizó al objeto de estudio desde su ambiente natural, de acuerdo con su finalidad es básica con alcance transversal. La población total es de 25 personas que forman parte del personal técnico del área de corte y reconexión y en base a los resultados obtenidos en el cuestionario Nórdico aplicado, se detectó 15 personas de las 25 con afectaciones ergonómicas (cuello, hombro y espalda), se realizó un cronograma para la toma de la metodología REBA, mediante la fórmula de porcentaje con un margen de error 5% se determinó 14 personas que como muestra para la investigación. Se diseñó la aplicación ERGONOMIA PROENERGY CYR en AppSheet, donde se realizó la entrevista sociodemográfica, el cuestionario nórdico, y la evaluación del método REBA permitiendo identificar y evaluar los riesgos ergonómicos existentes del personal técnico de corte y reconexión. El cuestionario Nórdico determinó que la parte dorsal o lumbar son las que poseen un mayor indicie de molestia con un 80 %, seguidas de las afectaciones de cuello y hombro con un porcentaje igualitario del 53% mientras que las afectaciones con menor rango fueron las de codo o antebrazo y muñeca o mano con un porcentaje de 13% ambas. La evaluación del método REBA demostró que las afectaciones ergonómicas se encuentran entre los niveles “alto” y “muy alto” por lo tanto resulta necesario una actuación inmediata mediante medidas de control que permitan disminuir los riesgos ergonómicos que afecta a nivel musculo esquelético en los puestos de trabajos operativos de PROENERGY S.A.
The following Master’s degree study called Identification and Evaluation of ergonomic risks. It deals with the design and implement APK for the operations of PROENERGY S.A. The main objective is to carry out the identification and evaluation of ergonomic risks to technical staff involved disconnection and reconnection by designing and implementing a mobile application. The approach of this research according to its character, is Nonexperimental Descriptive with a mixed orientation (Quali-Quantitative), it consists of field research since the object of study was analyzed from its natural environment, according to its purpose is basic with transversal scope. The total population study is 25 people who are part of the technical staff of the disconnection and reconnection area and are based on the results obtained in the Nordic questionnaire applied, 15 people were detected out of the 25 with ergonomic effects (neck, shoulder and back), a schedule was made for applying the REBA methodology, using the percentage formula with a 5% margin of error, determined 14 people as a sample for the investigation. The ERGONOMICS PROENERGY CYR application was designed on AppSheet, where the sociodemographic interview, the Nordic questionnaire, and the evaluation of the REBA method were carried out, allowing the identification and evaluation of the existing ergonomic risks of the workers in charge of disconnecting and reconnecting. The Nordic questionnaire determined that the dorsal or lumbar part has the highest rate of discomfort with 80 %, followed by neck and shoulder, being affected with an equal percentage of 53% each, while those with a lower range, were those with elbow, forearm, wrist or hand with a percentage of 13%. The evaluation of the REBA method showed that ergonomic effects are between the "high" and "very high" levels where Immediate action is therefore required by means of control measures to reduce these risks affecting the musculoskeletal level at PROENERGY S.A.’s operational workstations.
The following Master’s degree study called Identification and Evaluation of ergonomic risks. It deals with the design and implement APK for the operations of PROENERGY S.A. The main objective is to carry out the identification and evaluation of ergonomic risks to technical staff involved disconnection and reconnection by designing and implementing a mobile application. The approach of this research according to its character, is Nonexperimental Descriptive with a mixed orientation (Quali-Quantitative), it consists of field research since the object of study was analyzed from its natural environment, according to its purpose is basic with transversal scope. The total population study is 25 people who are part of the technical staff of the disconnection and reconnection area and are based on the results obtained in the Nordic questionnaire applied, 15 people were detected out of the 25 with ergonomic effects (neck, shoulder and back), a schedule was made for applying the REBA methodology, using the percentage formula with a 5% margin of error, determined 14 people as a sample for the investigation. The ERGONOMICS PROENERGY CYR application was designed on AppSheet, where the sociodemographic interview, the Nordic questionnaire, and the evaluation of the REBA method were carried out, allowing the identification and evaluation of the existing ergonomic risks of the workers in charge of disconnecting and reconnecting. The Nordic questionnaire determined that the dorsal or lumbar part has the highest rate of discomfort with 80 %, followed by neck and shoulder, being affected with an equal percentage of 53% each, while those with a lower range, were those with elbow, forearm, wrist or hand with a percentage of 13%. The evaluation of the REBA method showed that ergonomic effects are between the "high" and "very high" levels where Immediate action is therefore required by means of control measures to reduce these risks affecting the musculoskeletal level at PROENERGY S.A.’s operational workstations.
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Palabras clave
SEGURIDAD, SALUD E HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL, RIESGOS ERGONÓMICOS, APK APLICACIÓN MÓVIL, REBA