Estudio comparativo de la efectividad antiparasitaria intestinal de tres aceites esenciales "Cocos nucifera”, “Persea americana” Y "Thymus vulgaris”
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2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
Los aceites esenciales Cocos nucifera, Persea americana y Thymus vulgaris. tienen acción contra la Entamoeba histolytica y la Giardia lamblia. Esta acción antiparasitaria y antiprotozoaria se debe a los compuestos bioactivos que presentan, como los compuestos fenólicos y ácidos grasos, constituyentes de importancia, conteniendo en su composición moléculas hidrofóbicas que presenta sobre la capa externa de la membrana celular que ocasiona cambios en la estructura. Se realizó un estudio bibliográfico - experimental, basado en la recopilación de información documentada y antecedentes experimentales que determinan la capacidad antiparasitaria presente en los aceites esenciales frente a estos parásitos. La investigación bibliográfica tuvo como objetivo principal proporcionar conocimientos de la composición química y capacidad antiparasitaria de los aceites esenciales Cocos nucifera, Persea americana y Thymus vulgaris frente a la Entamoeba histolytica y Giardia lamblia. Además, se empleó el método experimental sobre la actividad antiparasitaria que contienen los aceites esenciales, empleando muestras de heces que contenían los parásitos que se encuentran generalmente en el intestino. Donde se aplicaron emulsiones de aceites esenciales al 10%, a fin de observar si hay presencia de diseminación de los quistes. Los resultados en el parte experimental realizado de manera vitro no se demostró, debido a que el tamaño de los quistes dificulta su observación en un medio oleoso, en cambio la parte bibliográfica si demostró los demás objetivos planteados.
Cocos nucifera, Persea americana and Thymus vulgaris essential oils have action against Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia. This antiparasitic and antiprotozoal action is due to the bioactive compounds they present, such as phenolic compounds and fatty acids, important constituents, containing in their composition hydrophobic molecules that present on the outer layer of the cell membrane causing changes in the structure. A bibliographic-experimental study was carried out, based on the compilation of documented information and experimental antecedents that determine the antiparasitic capacity present in essential oils against these parasites. The main objective of the bibliographic research was to provide knowledge of the chemical composition and antiparasitic capacity of Cocos nucifera, Persea americana and Thymus vulgaris essential oils against Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia. An exploratory research on the action of essential oils against several parasites. In addition, an experimental method was used on the antiparasitic activity of essential oils, using stool samples containing the parasites that are generally found in the intestine. Emulsions of 10% essential oils were applied in order to observe if there is presence of cysts dissemination. The results in the experimental part carried out in vitro were not demonstrated, due to the fact that the size of the cysts makes it difficult to observe them in an oily medium, on the other hand, the bibliographic part did demonstrate the other proposed objectives.
Cocos nucifera, Persea americana and Thymus vulgaris essential oils have action against Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia. This antiparasitic and antiprotozoal action is due to the bioactive compounds they present, such as phenolic compounds and fatty acids, important constituents, containing in their composition hydrophobic molecules that present on the outer layer of the cell membrane causing changes in the structure. A bibliographic-experimental study was carried out, based on the compilation of documented information and experimental antecedents that determine the antiparasitic capacity present in essential oils against these parasites. The main objective of the bibliographic research was to provide knowledge of the chemical composition and antiparasitic capacity of Cocos nucifera, Persea americana and Thymus vulgaris essential oils against Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia. An exploratory research on the action of essential oils against several parasites. In addition, an experimental method was used on the antiparasitic activity of essential oils, using stool samples containing the parasites that are generally found in the intestine. Emulsions of 10% essential oils were applied in order to observe if there is presence of cysts dissemination. The results in the experimental part carried out in vitro were not demonstrated, due to the fact that the size of the cysts makes it difficult to observe them in an oily medium, on the other hand, the bibliographic part did demonstrate the other proposed objectives.
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ACTIVIDAD ANTIPARASITARIA, PERSEA AMERICANA (AGUACATE), PARÁSITOS, ACEITES ESENCIALES, COCOS NUCIFERA L. (COCO), THYMUS VULGARIS L. (TOMILLO)