Desarrollo de una metodología sistematizada basada en Sig 2D y los factores de emisión para evaluar las fuentes de emisiones al aire
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2010-01
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Maestría en Ingeniería Ambiental
Resumen
En nuestro país se han desarrollado algunos estudios relacionados con las emisiones a la atmósfera, tanto antropógenicas como por la naturaleza misma,con el objetivo fundamental de tomar acciones para mejorar la calidad del aire. Sin embargo,no se ha puesto a disposición las herramientas informáticas que faciliten el cálculo de las emisiones y evaluación de los resultados.
En este trabajo de tesis de plantea una metodología sistematizada aplicada al
inventario de emisiones en el que se ha desarrollado un Sistema de Información
Geográfica(SIG),para desplegar los sitios donde se genera la mayor cantidad de
emisiones debido a la utilización de combustibles fósiles y procesos productivos del sector industrial. La información alfanumérica fue obtenida desde la “Encuesta de Minería y Manufactura”, del año 2006, realizada por el Instituto Nacional de
Estadística y Censos, INEC; la información gráfica se obtuvo de planos impresos
cuyas unidades espaciales están dadas por los sectores y zonas censales.
Para la estimación de las emisiones industriales, en el caso de estudio de la
ciudad de Guayaquil, se utilizó los Factores de Emisión publicados en el documento
AP-42 por la Environmental Protection Agency EPA, 2009.
Las aplicaciones informáticas desarrolladas para el manejo de la información alfanumérica se hicieron en Visual Basic y como base de datos se utilizó MicroSoft
ACCESS. Como plataforma computacional para el desarrollo del SIG se utilizó el paquete Geomedia Professional v.6.1
Como resultado, en el caso de estudio, se obtuvieron las emisiones industriales de la ciudad de Guayaquil debido al uso de combustibles fósiles y se comprobó la funcionalidad de la metodología sistematizada propuesta.
In our country we have developed some studies related to air emissions, both anthropogenic and by nature itself, with the ultimate goal of taking action to improve air quality. However, it has made available software tools to facilitate the calculation of emissions and evaluation of results. In this thesis work presents a systematic methodology applied to emission inventory which has developed an Information System (GIS), to display the sites that generates the greatest amount of emissions due to fossil fuel use and industrial production processes. The alphanumeric information was obtained from the "Survey of Mining and Manufacturing", in 2006, conducted by the National Institute Statistics and Censuses, INEC, the graphic information was obtained from printed plans spatial units which are given by the sectors and census areas. To estimate industrial emissions in the case study of the Guayaquil, was used emission factors published in the document AP-42 by the Environmental Protection Agency EPA, 2009. The applications developed for alphanumeric information management were made in Visual Basic as a database and used MicroSoft ACCESS. As computing platform for the development of GIS software was used Geomedia Professional v.6.1 As a result, in the case study, industrial emissions were obtained from the city of Guayaquil due to fossil fuel use and tested the functionality of the proposed systematic methodology.
In our country we have developed some studies related to air emissions, both anthropogenic and by nature itself, with the ultimate goal of taking action to improve air quality. However, it has made available software tools to facilitate the calculation of emissions and evaluation of results. In this thesis work presents a systematic methodology applied to emission inventory which has developed an Information System (GIS), to display the sites that generates the greatest amount of emissions due to fossil fuel use and industrial production processes. The alphanumeric information was obtained from the "Survey of Mining and Manufacturing", in 2006, conducted by the National Institute Statistics and Censuses, INEC, the graphic information was obtained from printed plans spatial units which are given by the sectors and census areas. To estimate industrial emissions in the case study of the Guayaquil, was used emission factors published in the document AP-42 by the Environmental Protection Agency EPA, 2009. The applications developed for alphanumeric information management were made in Visual Basic as a database and used MicroSoft ACCESS. As computing platform for the development of GIS software was used Geomedia Professional v.6.1 As a result, in the case study, industrial emissions were obtained from the city of Guayaquil due to fossil fuel use and tested the functionality of the proposed systematic methodology.
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CONTAMINACIÓN DEL AIRE, METODOLOGÍA, SECTOR INDUSTRIAL