Análisis de síndrome de burnout y percepción de la salud en trabajadores del área administrativa de una empresa del sector eléctrico.
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2022-04-05
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Salud e Higiene Industrial.
Resumen
La investigación se realizó en la Empresa Pública Estratégica Corporación Nacional de Eléctrica CNEL EP, ubicada en el cantón Milagro cuyo objetivo fue analizar los niveles del Síndrome de Burnout y la Salud auto percibida en trabajadores del área Administrativa (Comercial, Financiera y Administración General). En el mes de febrero del 2022 se realizó la encuesta a 64 trabajadores, se utilizó el instrumento Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) y de la pregunta 42 de la I-ESST; y para determinar la relación entre las escalas del Síndrome de Burnout y la salud auto percibida y las variables sociodemográficas, se empleó el cálculo de Chi2 de relación de Pearson. La metodología empleada fue descriptiva, cualitativa y cuantitativa. Se observó que existe Síndrome de Burnout en el 5% de los trabajadores encuestados, esto corresponde a 3 trabajadores (2 hombres y 1 mujer) cuyas edades están entre los 25 a 45 años, y que laboran más de 5 años en la institución. Esta afectación, está directamente relacionada al cansancio emocional, despersonalización y falta de realización personal. Pero no solo se determinó presencia de burnout, sino también se determinó que existe indicios de burnout en el 55% de los trabajadores encuestados, que corresponde a un total de 35 trabajadores de las áreas estudiadas. En cuanto a la auto percepción de la salud de los trabajadores, el 19% (12 trabajadores) perciben tener una salud regular, el 37% percibe tener una buena y 44% restante percibe tener una salud muy buena y excelente. Los datos obtenidos sugieren que el 56% de los trabajadores de la empresa requieren atención preventiva de salud para que alcancen los indicadores adecuados de rendimiento. Respecto a la relación estadística entre las escalas del Síndrome de Burnout y las variables sociodemográficas (edad, sexo, área, antigüedad) y auto percepción de la salud se determinó que no existe asociación estadística entre estas variables.
The research was carried out in the Strategic Public Company National Electric Corporation CNEL EP, located in the Milagro canton, whose objective was to analyze the levels of Burnout Syndrome and self-perceived Health in workers in the Administrative area (Commercial, Financial and General Administration). In the month of February 2022, the survey was conducted on 64 workers, using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) instrument and question 42 of the I-ESST; and to determine the relationship between the Burnout Syndrome scales and self- perceived health and sociodemographic variables, the Pearson relationship Chi2 calculation was used. The methodology used was descriptive, qualitative and quantitative. It was observed that there is Burnout Syndrome in 5% of the workers surveyed, this corresponds to 3 workers (2 men and 1 woman) whose ages are between 25 and 45 years old, and who work more than 5 years in the institution. This affectation is directly related to emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of personal fulfillment. But not only the presence of burnout was determined, but it was also determined that there are indications of burnout in 55% of the workers surveyed, which corresponds to a total of 35 workers in the areas studied. Regarding the self-perception of the health of the workers, 19% (12 workers) perceive that they have regular health, 37% perceive that they have good health, and the remaining 44% perceive that they have very good and excellent health. The data obtained suggest that 56% of the company's workers require preventive health care to achieve adequate performance indicators. Regarding the statistical relationship between the Burnout Syndrome scales and the sociodemographic variables (age, sex, area, seniority) and self-perception of health, it was determined that there is no statistical association between these variables.
The research was carried out in the Strategic Public Company National Electric Corporation CNEL EP, located in the Milagro canton, whose objective was to analyze the levels of Burnout Syndrome and self-perceived Health in workers in the Administrative area (Commercial, Financial and General Administration). In the month of February 2022, the survey was conducted on 64 workers, using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) instrument and question 42 of the I-ESST; and to determine the relationship between the Burnout Syndrome scales and self- perceived health and sociodemographic variables, the Pearson relationship Chi2 calculation was used. The methodology used was descriptive, qualitative and quantitative. It was observed that there is Burnout Syndrome in 5% of the workers surveyed, this corresponds to 3 workers (2 men and 1 woman) whose ages are between 25 and 45 years old, and who work more than 5 years in the institution. This affectation is directly related to emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of personal fulfillment. But not only the presence of burnout was determined, but it was also determined that there are indications of burnout in 55% of the workers surveyed, which corresponds to a total of 35 workers in the areas studied. Regarding the self-perception of the health of the workers, 19% (12 workers) perceive that they have regular health, 37% perceive that they have good health, and the remaining 44% perceive that they have very good and excellent health. The data obtained suggest that 56% of the company's workers require preventive health care to achieve adequate performance indicators. Regarding the statistical relationship between the Burnout Syndrome scales and the sociodemographic variables (age, sex, area, seniority) and self-perception of health, it was determined that there is no statistical association between these variables.
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Palabras clave
SEGURIDAD, SALUD E HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL, SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT, RIESGOS, EMPRESA ELÉCTRICA