Estudio de los factores de riesgo de seguridad a los que están expuestos los trabajadores operativos de CNEL EP - Unidad de Negocio Guayaquil y propuesta de implementación de programa de seguridad basada en el comportamiento.
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Fecha
2022-04-29
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Salud e Higiene Industrial.
Resumen
El presente trabajo de titulación se desarrolla como medio para buscar una solución
respecto a la baja percepción del riesgo por parte de los trabajadores de CNEL EP –
Unidad de Negocio Guayaquil. Se tuvo como objetivo evaluar los factores de riesgo
que tienen mayor incidencia en la accidentabilidad. Por la magnitud y trascendencia de
la investigación, ésta se sujetó al método deductivo y se usó como instrumento de
evaluación el procedimiento dimensional del riesgo percibido del INSHT. Los
resultados arrojaron que existe con un 80 % de confianza asociación positiva moderada
entre las variables evaluadas. La propuesta cumple con la congruencia de los objetivos,
buscando disminuir los riesgos y/o accidentes laborales. El análisis económico nos
determinó que por cada $ 1 que se invierta para implementar la propuesta, se logrará
un beneficio económico de $ 1,33, demostrando que el programa de seguridad basado
en el comportamiento es viable y rentable. Los trabajadores presentaron cierto grado
de exceso de confianza al realizar sus actividades, lo que conlleva que esta
característica cognitiva aumente la probabilidad de riesgo y pueda generar accidentes.
Se dedujo que era necesario cambiar la actitud de los trabajadores, las mismas que se
propone conseguir con la propuesta planteada.
This titling work is developed as a means to find a solution regarding the low perception of risk by the workers of CNEL EP - Guayaquil Business Unit. The objective was to evaluate the risk factors that have the highest incidence in the accident rate. Due to the magnitude and importance of the investigation, it was subject to the deductive method and the INSHT dimensional procedure of perceived risk was used as an evaluation instrument. The results showed that there is a moderate positive association between the evaluated variables with 80% confidence. The proposal complies with the consistency of the objectives, seeking to reduce occupational risks and/or accidents. The economic analysis determined that for every $1 that is invested to implement the proposal, an economic benefit of $1.33 will be achieved, demonstrating that the behavior-based safety program is viable and profitable. The workers presented a certain degree of overconfidence when carrying out their activities, which means that this cognitive characteristic increases the probability of risk and can generate accidents. It was deduced that it was necessary to change the attitude of the workers, the same that it is proposed to achieve with the proposed proposal.
This titling work is developed as a means to find a solution regarding the low perception of risk by the workers of CNEL EP - Guayaquil Business Unit. The objective was to evaluate the risk factors that have the highest incidence in the accident rate. Due to the magnitude and importance of the investigation, it was subject to the deductive method and the INSHT dimensional procedure of perceived risk was used as an evaluation instrument. The results showed that there is a moderate positive association between the evaluated variables with 80% confidence. The proposal complies with the consistency of the objectives, seeking to reduce occupational risks and/or accidents. The economic analysis determined that for every $1 that is invested to implement the proposal, an economic benefit of $1.33 will be achieved, demonstrating that the behavior-based safety program is viable and profitable. The workers presented a certain degree of overconfidence when carrying out their activities, which means that this cognitive characteristic increases the probability of risk and can generate accidents. It was deduced that it was necessary to change the attitude of the workers, the same that it is proposed to achieve with the proposed proposal.
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Palabras clave
SEGURIDAD, SALUD E HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL, FACTORES DE RIESGO, ACCIDENTABILIDAD, PROCEDIMIENTO INSHT