Preparación psicológica de niños con discapacidad previo a consulta odontopediátrica
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2022-04
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
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Los pacientes con necesidades especiales son aquellos que, debido a condiciones físicas, médicas, de desarrollo o cognitivas requieren una consideración especial al momento de recibir un tratamiento dental. Esto puede incluir personas con Trastorno del Espectro Autista, Síndrome de Down, Parálisis Cerebral, Lesiones de la Médula espinal e innumerables otras afecciones o lesiones que pueden dificultar los procedimientos dentales estándar. Cuidar a un paciente con necesidades especiales requiere compasión y comprensión. Si bien la mayoría de los dentistas pueden adaptarse a pacientes con necesidades especiales, algunos dentistas se enfocan en satisfacer las necesidades y trabajar con las limitaciones de estos pacientes. El acceso variable a la atención dental, la higiene bucal inadecuada y los factores relacionados con la discapacidad pueden explicar las diferencias. Por ello esta investigación se propuso como Objetivo: Caracterizar la preparación psicológica previo a la atención odontopediatríca en pacientes con discapacidad. Se utilizo la metodología cualitativa, con investigaciones bibliográficas, descriptiva, documental; de método inductivo-deductivo, histórico-lógico. En los resultados se evidencia que los pacientes pediátricos con necesidades especiales pueden presentar alteraciones de enfermedades bucales adicionales como lo son las enfermedades gingivales, malformaciones dentarias, caries severas, paladar hendido etc. Así mismo las conclusiones, explican que los enfoques de cuidado van dirigidos directamente a padres y cuidadores de pacientes discapacitados, para evitar el deterioro dentario a temprana edad
Special needs patients are those who, due to physical, medical, developmental or cognitive conditions require special consideration when receiving dental treatment. This can include individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Down Syndrome, Cerebral Palsy, Spinal Cord Injury and countless other conditions or injuries that can make standard dental procedures difficult. Caring for a patient with special needs requires compassion and understanding. While most dentists can accommodate patients with special needs, some dentists focus on meeting the needs and working with the limitations of these patients. Variable access to dental care, inadequate oral hygiene, and disability-related factors may explain the differences. Therefore, the objective of this research was to characterize the psychological preparation prior to pediatric dentistry care in patients with disabilities. A qualitative methodology was used, with bibliographic, descriptive, documentary, inductive-deductive, historical-logical research. The results show that pediatric patients with special needs may present additional oral disease alterations such as gingival diseases, dental malformations, severe caries, cleft palate, etc. Likewise, the conclusions explain that the care approaches are aimed directly at parents and caregivers of disabled patients in order to avoid dental deterioration at an early age.
Special needs patients are those who, due to physical, medical, developmental or cognitive conditions require special consideration when receiving dental treatment. This can include individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Down Syndrome, Cerebral Palsy, Spinal Cord Injury and countless other conditions or injuries that can make standard dental procedures difficult. Caring for a patient with special needs requires compassion and understanding. While most dentists can accommodate patients with special needs, some dentists focus on meeting the needs and working with the limitations of these patients. Variable access to dental care, inadequate oral hygiene, and disability-related factors may explain the differences. Therefore, the objective of this research was to characterize the psychological preparation prior to pediatric dentistry care in patients with disabilities. A qualitative methodology was used, with bibliographic, descriptive, documentary, inductive-deductive, historical-logical research. The results show that pediatric patients with special needs may present additional oral disease alterations such as gingival diseases, dental malformations, severe caries, cleft palate, etc. Likewise, the conclusions explain that the care approaches are aimed directly at parents and caregivers of disabled patients in order to avoid dental deterioration at an early age.
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ODONTOLOGIA PEDIATRICA, NIÑOS CON DISCAPACIDAD, SINDROME DE DOWN