Efecto de las sustancias psicotrópicas en el embarazo y sus consecuencias neonatales
Fecha
2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Obstetricia
Resumen
El consumo de sustancias psicotrópicas durante el embarazo se asocia con repercusiones graves para la madre e hijo. El objetivo de estudio es determinar el efecto de las sustancias psicotrópicas en el embarazo y sus consecuencias neonatales en el Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Pediátrico Universitario de Guayaquil desde septiembre 2020-febrero 2021. La metodología es de tipo observacional, descriptiva, aplicada con enfoque cuantitativo de corte transversal, la muestra de 125 pacientes que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Los resultados reportan: Las principales complicaciones maternas son amenaza de parto pretérmino 36 %, preeclampsia 20,8 %, RPM 14,4 %. Complicaciones neonatales más frecuentes bajo peso al nacer 56,8 %, síndrome de abstinencia neonatal 17,6 %, prematuridad 12,8 %. La droga de mayor consumo es la H 56 %, cocaína 23,2 %. Las causas en el consumo de drogas son pertenecer a un estrato socio económico bajo, pareja consumidora, proceder de una zona urbano marginal, nivel educativo medio, pertenecer a hogar disfuncional, controles prenatales nulos o escasos Palabras Claves: SUSTANCIAS PSICOTRÓPICAS, RESTRICCIÓN DEL CRECIMIENTO INTRAUTERINO, AMENAZA DE ABORTO, DROGA H.
The use of psychotropic substances during pregnancy is associated with serious repercussions for the mother and child. The objective of the study is to determine the effect of psychotropic substances in pregnancy and their neonatal consequences at the University Pediatric Gyneco-Obstetric Hospital of Guayaquil from September 2020-February 2021. The methodology is observational, descriptive, applied with a quantitative approach to cross section, the sample of 125 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The results report: The main maternal complications are threat of preterm birth 36%, preeclampsia 20.8%, PROM 14.4%. Most frequent neonatal complications low birth weight 56.8%, neonatal abstinence syndrome 17.6%, prematurity 12.8%. The drug with the highest consumption is H 56%, cocaine 23.2%. The causes of drug use are belonging to a low socio-economic stratum, a consuming partner, coming from a marginal urban area, average educational level, belonging to a dysfunctional home, no or few prenatal check-ups. Keywords: PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES, INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION, THREAT OF ABORTION, DRUG H.
The use of psychotropic substances during pregnancy is associated with serious repercussions for the mother and child. The objective of the study is to determine the effect of psychotropic substances in pregnancy and their neonatal consequences at the University Pediatric Gyneco-Obstetric Hospital of Guayaquil from September 2020-February 2021. The methodology is observational, descriptive, applied with a quantitative approach to cross section, the sample of 125 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The results report: The main maternal complications are threat of preterm birth 36%, preeclampsia 20.8%, PROM 14.4%. Most frequent neonatal complications low birth weight 56.8%, neonatal abstinence syndrome 17.6%, prematurity 12.8%. The drug with the highest consumption is H 56%, cocaine 23.2%. The causes of drug use are belonging to a low socio-economic stratum, a consuming partner, coming from a marginal urban area, average educational level, belonging to a dysfunctional home, no or few prenatal check-ups. Keywords: PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES, INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION, THREAT OF ABORTION, DRUG H.
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Sustancias psicotrópicas, Retardo del crecimiento fetal, Amenaza de aborto, Droga H, Epidemiología descriptiva, Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador