Prevalencia de caries de la infancia temprana relacionada a los hábitos de higiene bucodental en niños de 0 a 3 años que asistieron a la clínica integral de quinto año paralelo 3 año 2013 – 2014
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2014-07
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
Este trabajo de investigación constituye una contribución a la
comunidad de la salud oral en Ecuador, sirviendo como guía para
futuros estudios en nuestra profesión. El objetivo general de este
trabajo de titulación es determinar la prevalencia de caries de la
infancia temprana relacionada a los hábitos de higiene bucodental en
niños de 0 a 3 años. La presente investigación se cimenta en el
prototipo cualitativo y cuantitativo: cualitativo porque estos
resultados fueron examinados y fundamentados para la solución del
problema que se investigó y porque se recolecto información de
diversas fuentes bibliográficas; cuantitativo debido a que permitirá
obtener una mayor observación en los procesos para poder
determinar la aparición de caries en la infancia temprana para así
llegar a la obtención de un adecuado porcentaje en su prevalencia en
pacientes de 0 a 3 años. El nivel de investigación fue: documental,
exploratoria, descriptiva, explicativa, de campo; y de proyecto
factible ya que se utilizó como instrumentos de recolección de
información las historias clínicas de los pacientes que fueron
atendidos en la Clínica Integral de la Facultad Piloto de Odontología
de la Universidad de Guayaquil durante 2013-2014, en que se utilizó
además de la Ficha Clínica del Ministerio de Salud, la Ficha Clínica
del Bebé (Figueiredo, 2000). La variable Independiente tiene como
relación los hábitos en la higiene bucal, la dependiente; la
prevalencia de caries. Utilizando un universo de 144 pacientes
atendidos, que para su estudio metodológico se dividió en 3 grupos
de trabajo: de 0 a 12 meses; de 13 a 24 meses y de 25 a 36 meses, en
la cual nos reveló índices porcentuales de caries en la infancia
temprana. En base a los resultados se presentaron las conclusiones
y las recomendaciones respectivas del estudio. La capacitación y
mayor énfasis a los padres y futuras madres sobre la importancia en
la higiene bucal por medio de diversos recursos, indicándoles que
mantener una buena higiene oral es lo más importante y principal en
el comienzo del desarrollo de la vida del ser humano
This work is a form of a contribution for the health oral´s community in Ecuador, as a guide for forwards studies in our profession. The general objective of this work is to determinate the prevalence of caries in the child-hood related to the bucal dental habits between 0 to 3 years child. This investigation is based on the qualitative and quantitative prototype. Qualitative, for the reason that results were examined and were supported in the solution of the problem, which was investigated and it was also necessarily to search information in different supports such as: books, magazines, web, others. Quantitative, because this work gives the opportunity to obtain a better observation of the process in the determination in the appearances of caries in the child-hood; and this will be the percentage on the prevalence in patients around 0 to 3 years. The types of investigations were: documentary, explanatory, descriptive, exploratory field and feasible project, because was used as instruments of data collection the medical records of patients, who were attended in clinics like: “Clìnica Integral de la Facultad Piloto Odontologìa” – University of Guayaquil during 2013 – 2014; in this case the clinical record of the Ministry of Health was used, the record “Clìnica del Bebe” (Figueiredo, 2000).The undefined variable is the relation in the bucal habits; the defined variable is the prevalence of caries. Working with 144 patients, who were attended, for the methodological study was essential to divided into 3 groups: 0 to 12 months, 13 to 24 months, and 25 to 36 months; it indicated a percentages of caries in the child-hood. Based on this results, it`s possible to analyze the conclusion and recommendation for the study. It`s important to make an emphasis to the parents and future parents about the oral hygiene; also that is mandatory to keep a good oral hygiene because it`s the begging in the development of the human being
This work is a form of a contribution for the health oral´s community in Ecuador, as a guide for forwards studies in our profession. The general objective of this work is to determinate the prevalence of caries in the child-hood related to the bucal dental habits between 0 to 3 years child. This investigation is based on the qualitative and quantitative prototype. Qualitative, for the reason that results were examined and were supported in the solution of the problem, which was investigated and it was also necessarily to search information in different supports such as: books, magazines, web, others. Quantitative, because this work gives the opportunity to obtain a better observation of the process in the determination in the appearances of caries in the child-hood; and this will be the percentage on the prevalence in patients around 0 to 3 years. The types of investigations were: documentary, explanatory, descriptive, exploratory field and feasible project, because was used as instruments of data collection the medical records of patients, who were attended in clinics like: “Clìnica Integral de la Facultad Piloto Odontologìa” – University of Guayaquil during 2013 – 2014; in this case the clinical record of the Ministry of Health was used, the record “Clìnica del Bebe” (Figueiredo, 2000).The undefined variable is the relation in the bucal habits; the defined variable is the prevalence of caries. Working with 144 patients, who were attended, for the methodological study was essential to divided into 3 groups: 0 to 12 months, 13 to 24 months, and 25 to 36 months; it indicated a percentages of caries in the child-hood. Based on this results, it`s possible to analyze the conclusion and recommendation for the study. It`s important to make an emphasis to the parents and future parents about the oral hygiene; also that is mandatory to keep a good oral hygiene because it`s the begging in the development of the human being
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Palabras clave
HABITOS BUCALES, ODONTOLOGIA PEDIATRICA, CARIES DENTALES - NIÑOS
Citación
Moreira Barcia, Carlos Magno (2014) :