Principales causas de la resistencia de los antibióticos en los pacientes que requieren atención odontológica
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2014-07
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
La resistencia antibacteriana se produce o es adquirida mediante
dos procesos: Por defecto o por exceso, es decir, que las bacterias
se encuentran rodeadas en un medio de pocas o demasiadas
cantidades que las necesarias para atacar la infección, todo este
proceso crea resistencia a los antimicrobianos. Todas estas
acciones son causadas por el mal uso que hemos tenido sobre los
antibióticos, automedicación, terminar de forma unilateral por parte
del paciente con el tratamiento, la venta indiscriminada de
antibióticos sin prescripción médica. Para contrarrestar o disminuir
los efectos causados por la resistencia a los antibióticos es
necesario tomar ciertas medidas como: Evitar las infecciones. Con
vacunas. Aplicar las medidas de aislamiento hospitalario a pacientes
colonizados o infectados con microorganismos multidrogo
resistentes Crear sistemas de vigilancias de resistencias a los
antimicrobianos desde los hospitales hasta los centros de
referencia, que permitan conocer los servicios de una región o país.
No iniciar un tratamiento antimicrobiano sin necesidad. Recomendar
a los proscriptores el uso de antimicrobiano de amplio espectro.
Educar al paciente sobre los riesgos que implica la resistencia
microbiana. Asegurarse por parte del médico, del estado de
inmunidad de sus pacientes, es decir, que estos reciban la
inmunización apropiada. Usar en hospitales sistemas adecuados de
desinfección y esterilización para el control de los agentes
infecciosos. Identificar rápidamente y aislar a los pacientes con
infecciones resistentes a los antibióticos. No auto medicarse. Tener
presente que los antibióticos solo son útiles contra las bacterias
Antibacterial resistance occurs or is acquired by two processes: By default or by excess, ie, bacteria are surrounded by medium or too few quantities necessary to attack the infection, this process creates antimicrobial resistance. All these actions are caused by the misuse of antibiotics have had, self-medication, terminate unilaterally by the patient with the treatment, the indiscriminate sale of antibiotics without prescription. To counteract or reduce the effects caused by antibiotic resistance is necessary to take certain measures as: Avoid infections. With vaccines. Apply insulation measures to hospital patients colonized or infected with microorganisms multidrug resistant’s Create systems of surveillance of antimicrobial resistance from hospitals to referral centers, that allow to know the services of a region or country. Do not start without antimicrobial treatment. Tell prescribers use of broad-spectrum antimicrobial. Educate the patient about the risks of antimicrobial resistance. Sure from the doctor, the immune status of patients, ie, that they receive the appropriate immunization. Use appropriate hospital disinfection and sterilization systems for the control of infectious agents. Quickly identify and isolate patients with antibiotic-resistant infections. Do not self-medicate. Keep in mind that antibiotics are only useful against bacteria. Create standard diagnostic guidelines, treatment guidelines with standard forms, to guide prescription
Antibacterial resistance occurs or is acquired by two processes: By default or by excess, ie, bacteria are surrounded by medium or too few quantities necessary to attack the infection, this process creates antimicrobial resistance. All these actions are caused by the misuse of antibiotics have had, self-medication, terminate unilaterally by the patient with the treatment, the indiscriminate sale of antibiotics without prescription. To counteract or reduce the effects caused by antibiotic resistance is necessary to take certain measures as: Avoid infections. With vaccines. Apply insulation measures to hospital patients colonized or infected with microorganisms multidrug resistant’s Create systems of surveillance of antimicrobial resistance from hospitals to referral centers, that allow to know the services of a region or country. Do not start without antimicrobial treatment. Tell prescribers use of broad-spectrum antimicrobial. Educate the patient about the risks of antimicrobial resistance. Sure from the doctor, the immune status of patients, ie, that they receive the appropriate immunization. Use appropriate hospital disinfection and sterilization systems for the control of infectious agents. Quickly identify and isolate patients with antibiotic-resistant infections. Do not self-medicate. Keep in mind that antibiotics are only useful against bacteria. Create standard diagnostic guidelines, treatment guidelines with standard forms, to guide prescription
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Palabras clave
ODONTOLOGIA INTEGRAL, ATENCION ODONTOLOGICA, RESISTENCIA BACTERIANA A ANTIBIOTICOS
Citación
Páez Tigua, Victoria Leonor (2014) : Principales causas de la resistencia de los antibióticos en los pacientes que requieren atención odontológica