Los Géneros de Plantas Vasculares Nativas con Frutos Sámara en el Occidente de Ecuador
Fecha
2022
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
Ecuador es considerado como el quinto país más diverso de América en relación con la densidad de plantas por metro cuadrado, siendo necesario un estudio integral de los sub-grupos taxonómicos para análisis de grupos más complejos, como los frutos Sámara. Por ello, en la presente investigación, se determinó los géneros de plantas vasculares nativas con frutos Sámaraen el occidente del Ecuador, los tipos de acuerdo con las estructuras y dimensiones, y relaciones de similaridad respecto a los caracteres fructíferos. Como resultado se obtuvo el registro de 20 géneros de plantas vasculares, con una fuerte tendencia a Sámaras de 1 sola ala, color café, 4.9 x 3.3 cm, inermes (sin espinas), quilladas, pubescentes, semillas centrales y alas con nervios inconspicuos.El primer análisis Cluster muestra una máxima similitud (0,890) entre los sub-grupos Cavanillesia y Combretum; Stigmaphyllon, Banisteriopsisy Centrolobium; Loxopterygium y Gallesia; mientras que el segundo con un coeficiente de 0,800incluyeademás,lossub-grupos Ruprechtia y Triplaris; Dalbergia y Machaerium. Se concluye que el trabajo de investigación es un estudio preliminar sobre Sámaras en el Ecuador, con 20 géneros pertenecientes a las familias más diversas (Fabaceae, Malpighiaceae, Combretaceae, Polygonaceae, Sapindaceae).
Ecuador is considered the fifth most diverse country in America in relation to the density of plants per square meter, requiring a comprehensive study of the taxonomic sub-groups for the analysis of more complex groups, such as the Samara fruits. For this reason, in the present investigation, the genera of native vascular plants with Samara fruits in western Ecuador were determined, the types according to the structures and dimensions, and similarity relationships regarding the fruitful characters. As a result, the record of 20 genera of vascular plants was obtained, with a strong tendency to Samaras with 1 single wing, brown, 4.9 x 3.3 cm, unarmed (without spines), keeled, pubescent, central seeds and wings with inconspicuous nerves. The first Cluster analysis shows a maximum similarity (0.890) between the Cavanillesiaand Combretum sub-groups; Stigmaphyllon, Banisteriopsisand Centrolobium; Loxopterygiumand Gallesia; while the second with a coefficient of 0.800 also includes the Ruprechtiaand Triplarissubgroups; Dalbergiaand Machaerium. It is concluded that the research work is a preliminary study on Samaras in Ecuador, with 20 genera belonging to the most diverse families (Fabaceae, Malpighiaceae, Combretaceae, Polygonaceae, Sapindaceae).
Ecuador is considered the fifth most diverse country in America in relation to the density of plants per square meter, requiring a comprehensive study of the taxonomic sub-groups for the analysis of more complex groups, such as the Samara fruits. For this reason, in the present investigation, the genera of native vascular plants with Samara fruits in western Ecuador were determined, the types according to the structures and dimensions, and similarity relationships regarding the fruitful characters. As a result, the record of 20 genera of vascular plants was obtained, with a strong tendency to Samaras with 1 single wing, brown, 4.9 x 3.3 cm, unarmed (without spines), keeled, pubescent, central seeds and wings with inconspicuous nerves. The first Cluster analysis shows a maximum similarity (0.890) between the Cavanillesiaand Combretum sub-groups; Stigmaphyllon, Banisteriopsisand Centrolobium; Loxopterygiumand Gallesia; while the second with a coefficient of 0.800 also includes the Ruprechtiaand Triplarissubgroups; Dalbergiaand Machaerium. It is concluded that the research work is a preliminary study on Samaras in Ecuador, with 20 genera belonging to the most diverse families (Fabaceae, Malpighiaceae, Combretaceae, Polygonaceae, Sapindaceae).
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SÁMARAS, OCCIDENTE, 1 SOLA ALA, CLUSTER