Comportamiento del cultivo de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) a la aplicación de fertilizante de liberación controlada, en dos sistemas de siembra
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2014
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias
Resumen
Esta investigación se realizó desde enero hasta junio de 2014 (época de lluvias), en el cantón Nobol, provincia del Guayas, en la finca La Alameda, ubicada entre las coordenadas geográficas: 1º 51' 41" latitud sur, 80º 00' 40" latitud norte y a 8,30 msnm. El objetivo fue evaluar el comportamiento del cultivo de arroz (Oryza Sativa L.), a la aplicación del fertilizante de liberación controlada (FLC), compuesto por N-P-K más microelementos, en dos sistemas de siembras y cuatro etapas de aplicación (fraccionamientos). Los factores estudiados fueron: factor “A” (siembras: directa “A1” y por trasplante “A2”) y factor “B” (aplicaciones: cada 15 días “B1”, cada 20 días
“B2”, cada 25 días “B3” y cada 30 días “B4”). Se empleó un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con arreglo factorial 2+4+2, estos dos últimos fueron los tratamientos testigos que se conformaron por fertilizantes convencionales (urea, super fosfato triple y muriato de potasio), en las mismas dosis en que se aplicó el fertilizante de liberación controlada; con cuatro repeticiones, cuarenta unidades experimentales de 8 m2 cada una y 4.5 m2 como parcela útil. Se encontró eficiencia en el estado nutricional de las plantas con el fertilizante de liberación controlada, lo cual estuvo reflejado en el incremento que se obtuvo del rendimiento en 430 kg, en relación a los
tratamientos testigos. Con respecto a los fraccionamientos (factor B) se obtuvieron los mejores resultados cuando el FLC se lo aplicó cada 15 y 20 días, consecuentemente,
se obtuvieron los mejores rendimientos.
The research was conducted from October 2013 to February 2014 (rainy season) in Canton Nobol, Guayas Province, Finca la Alameda, located setween the geographical coordinates, 1 º 51 ' 41 " South Latitude, 80 ° 00' 40" North Latitude and 8.30 msnm1. The objective was to evaluate the performance of rice (Oryza sativa L.),the application of controlled release fertilizer (FLC), consisting of NPK plus trace elements in two planting systems and four stages of implementation (splits). The factors studied were Factor "A" direct seeding "A1" by planting transplants and "A2" and Factor "B" every 15 days "B1" every 20 days "B2" every 25 days "B3" and every 30 days "B4". A pilot randomized block design in a factorial arrangement (2+4+2) that the latter two treatments were witnesses conventional fertilizers (urea, triple super phosphate and muriate of potash) were formed in the same dose that was used in applied the controlled release fertilizers; with four replications forty experimental units of 8m2 each, 4.5 m2 plot helpful. Efficiency was found in the nutritional status of the plants with fertilizer and controlled release reflected increased 430 kg,obtained in relation to the control treatments. With respect to the fractionation (Factor B) the best results were obtained when the applied every 15 to 20 days, consequently the best yields were obtained.
The research was conducted from October 2013 to February 2014 (rainy season) in Canton Nobol, Guayas Province, Finca la Alameda, located setween the geographical coordinates, 1 º 51 ' 41 " South Latitude, 80 ° 00' 40" North Latitude and 8.30 msnm1. The objective was to evaluate the performance of rice (Oryza sativa L.),the application of controlled release fertilizer (FLC), consisting of NPK plus trace elements in two planting systems and four stages of implementation (splits). The factors studied were Factor "A" direct seeding "A1" by planting transplants and "A2" and Factor "B" every 15 days "B1" every 20 days "B2" every 25 days "B3" and every 30 days "B4". A pilot randomized block design in a factorial arrangement (2+4+2) that the latter two treatments were witnesses conventional fertilizers (urea, triple super phosphate and muriate of potash) were formed in the same dose that was used in applied the controlled release fertilizers; with four replications forty experimental units of 8m2 each, 4.5 m2 plot helpful. Efficiency was found in the nutritional status of the plants with fertilizer and controlled release reflected increased 430 kg,obtained in relation to the control treatments. With respect to the fractionation (Factor B) the best results were obtained when the applied every 15 to 20 days, consequently the best yields were obtained.
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FERTILIZANTE, LIBERACIÓN CONTROLADA, CULTIVO DE ARROZ
Citación
Basurto Veliz, Manuel Armando(2014): Comportamiento del cultivo de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) a la aplicación de fertilizante de liberación controlada, en dos sistemas de siembra