Recidiva de cáncer de vejiga posterior a resección transuretral
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2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Antecedentes: El cáncer de vejiga es una patología cada vez más frecuente, debido al aumento de la esperanza de vida media, a la exposición de factores de riesgo, en la actualidad el diagnóstico y tratamiento es a través de la resección transuretral de vejiga. El objetivo del proyecto de investigación es evaluar la recidiva del cáncer de vejiga posterior a resección transuretral. Metodología: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional, no experimental, retrospectivo y de corte transversal, se tomó como universo y muestra todos los pacientes que acudieron al Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo que fueron sometidos a resección trans uretral de vejiga, con diagnóstico de cáncer de vejiga no musculo invasivo, desde 01 enero 2015 al 31 diciembre 2019, se estimó el riesgo de recidiva de la enfermedad registrado en el sistema as400 usando las tablas de riesgo de la organización Europea para la investigación y el tratamiento del cáncer, además se realizó análisis de relación mediante prueba de chi cuadrado. Resultados: en total se evaluaron 74 pacientes con cáncer de vejiga no musculo invasivo, de los cuales 62 hombres (83,8%) y 12 mujeres (16,2%), presentaron recidiva post operatoria 31 pacientes (41,9%), 12 con riesgo alto(n33), 10 de riesgo moderado(n22) y 9 de bajo riesgo(n19). Se realizó reintervención quirúrgica a 6 pacientes, según el grado histológico 16 pacientes tuvieron recidiva en el grado 1 (51%), 6 en el grado 2(19.3%), y 9 en el grado 3(29%), en los tumores únicos 19 pacientes presentaron recidiva (66,2%), y múltiples 12 pacientes(33,8%). La prueba de Chi-cuadrado de Pearson permite corroborar una dependencia entre el grado del tumor y la recidiva con valor de 0,009. Conclusiones: la recidiva es frecuente, por lo cual el seguimiento y la estadificación según el riesgo es determinante para mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente.
Background: Bladder cancer is an increasingly frequent pathology, due to the increase in average life expectancy, to the exposure of risk factors, at present the diagnosis and treatment is through transurethral resection of the bladder. The objective of the research project is to evaluate the recurrence of bladder cancer after transurethral resection. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, non-experimental, retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out, it was taken as a universe and shows all the patients who attended the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital who underwent transurethral resection of the bladder, with a diagnosis of bladder cancer. Invasive muscle, from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019, the risk of recurrence of the disease recorded in the as400 system was estimated using the risk tables of the European organization for research and treatment of cancer, in addition, a relationship analysis was performed. using the chi square test.. Results: In total, 74 patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer were evaluated, of which 62 men (83.8%) and 12 women (16.2%), presented postoperative recurrence 31 patients (41.9%), 12 with high risk (n33), 10 moderate risk (n22) and 9 low risk (n19). Surgical reintervention was performed on 6 patients, according to histological grade: 16 patients had recurrence in grade 1 (51%), 6 in grade 2 (19.3%), and 9 in grade 3 (29%), in single tumors 19 patients presented recurrence (66.2%), and multiple 12 patients (33.8%). Pearson's Chi-square test confirms a dependence between tumor grade and recurrence with a value of 0.009. Conclusions: recurrence is frequent, so follow-up and staging according to risk is crucial to improve the quality of life of the patient. Keywords:
Background: Bladder cancer is an increasingly frequent pathology, due to the increase in average life expectancy, to the exposure of risk factors, at present the diagnosis and treatment is through transurethral resection of the bladder. The objective of the research project is to evaluate the recurrence of bladder cancer after transurethral resection. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, non-experimental, retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out, it was taken as a universe and shows all the patients who attended the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital who underwent transurethral resection of the bladder, with a diagnosis of bladder cancer. Invasive muscle, from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019, the risk of recurrence of the disease recorded in the as400 system was estimated using the risk tables of the European organization for research and treatment of cancer, in addition, a relationship analysis was performed. using the chi square test.. Results: In total, 74 patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer were evaluated, of which 62 men (83.8%) and 12 women (16.2%), presented postoperative recurrence 31 patients (41.9%), 12 with high risk (n33), 10 moderate risk (n22) and 9 low risk (n19). Surgical reintervention was performed on 6 patients, according to histological grade: 16 patients had recurrence in grade 1 (51%), 6 in grade 2 (19.3%), and 9 in grade 3 (29%), in single tumors 19 patients presented recurrence (66.2%), and multiple 12 patients (33.8%). Pearson's Chi-square test confirms a dependence between tumor grade and recurrence with a value of 0.009. Conclusions: recurrence is frequent, so follow-up and staging according to risk is crucial to improve the quality of life of the patient. Keywords:
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Factores de riesgo, Neoplasmas de vejiga, Estudio retrospectivos, Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador