Utilidad de la ecografía transperineal y pélvica en los estudios de la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo en mujeres de 40 a 70 años
Fecha
2021
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Antecedentes: La incontinencia urinaria tiene una influencia significativa en el bienestar de las mujeres afectadas. Ninguna modalidad de imagen estándar es obligatoria en la evaluación inicial de pacientes con incontinencia urinaria. Se ha propuesto la ecografía transperineal como un método fiable para evaluar la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo femenina. Objetivo: Este estudio se realizará con el objetivo de analizar la utilidad de la ecografía transperineal y pélvica en el estudio de la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo en mujeres de 40 a 70 años. Metodología: empleada fue la descriptiva, correlacional y prospectiva. El universo y muestra comprende a 112 pacientes con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo y valoración ecografía trnasperineal y pélvica que acuden a la consulta externa del servicio de urología y ginecología del Hospital General Guasmo Sur en el período de enero a septiembre del 2021. Resultados: la población analizada presentó un rango de edad prevalente entre 60 a 70 años, de los cuáles el 52% eran del grupo de edad entre 51 a 60 años, el 31% se encontraban en el grupo entre 40 a 50 años y el 17% entre 61 a 70 años, de acuerdo al diagnóstico, el 37% tenían miomatosis uterina, el 30% tenían incontinencia urinaria, 17% tenían un estudio normal, 14% tenían prolapso genital y el 2% prolapso rectal. Se encontró que el eco transperineal es capaz de confirmar el diagnostico en un 97% como lo indican los verdaderos casos positivos y un 94% descartar los casos negativos. Además, el coeficiente de probabilidad para que un test sea positivo en un paciente con incontinencia urinaria es de 31,33 y que sea negativo 0,06 y un Odd ratio de 1,06 indicando una alta probabilidad de diagnóstico de incontinencia urinaria. Conclusión: En esta investigación se ha confirmado la hipótesis planteada demostrando que la técnica de eco transperineal tiene una alta especificidad y sensibilidad para el diagnóstico de incontinencia urinaria, siendo mucho más alta en especificidad que la técnica de eco sonografía pélvica.
Background: Urinary incontinence has a significant influence on the well-being of affected women. No standard imaging modality is mandatory in the initial evaluation of patients with urinary incontinence. Transperineal ultrasound has been proposed as a reliable method to assess female stress urinary incontinence. Objective: This study will be carried out with the objective of analyzing the usefulness of transperineal and pelvic ultrasound in the study of stress urinary incontinence in women between 40 and 70 years of age. Methodology: used was descriptive, correlational and prospective. The universe and sample comprises 112 patients with stress urinary incontinence and transperineal and pelvic ultrasound evaluation who attend the outpatient clinic of the urology and gynecology service of the Guasmo Sur General Hospital in the period from January to September 2021. Results: the population analyzed presented a prevalent age range between 60 to 70 years, of which 52% were from the age group between 51 to 60 years, 31% were in the group between 40 to 50 years and 17% between 61 to 70 years old, according to the diagnosis, 37% had uterine myomatosis, 30% had urinary incontinence, 17% had a normal study, 14% had genital prolapse and 2% rectal prolapse. It was found that the transperineal echo is capable of confirming the diagnosis in 97% as indicated by the true positive cases and 94% ruling out the negative cases. In addition, the probability coefficient for a test to be positive in a patient with urinary incontinence is 31.33 and for it to be negative 0.06 and an Odd ratio of 1.06 indicating a high probability of a diagnosis of urinary incontinence. Conclusion: In this investigation, the proposed hypothesis has been confirmed, showing that the transperineal echo technique has a high specificity and sensitivity for the diagnosis of urinary incontinence, being much higher in specificity than the pelvic echo sonography technique.
Background: Urinary incontinence has a significant influence on the well-being of affected women. No standard imaging modality is mandatory in the initial evaluation of patients with urinary incontinence. Transperineal ultrasound has been proposed as a reliable method to assess female stress urinary incontinence. Objective: This study will be carried out with the objective of analyzing the usefulness of transperineal and pelvic ultrasound in the study of stress urinary incontinence in women between 40 and 70 years of age. Methodology: used was descriptive, correlational and prospective. The universe and sample comprises 112 patients with stress urinary incontinence and transperineal and pelvic ultrasound evaluation who attend the outpatient clinic of the urology and gynecology service of the Guasmo Sur General Hospital in the period from January to September 2021. Results: the population analyzed presented a prevalent age range between 60 to 70 years, of which 52% were from the age group between 51 to 60 years, 31% were in the group between 40 to 50 years and 17% between 61 to 70 years old, according to the diagnosis, 37% had uterine myomatosis, 30% had urinary incontinence, 17% had a normal study, 14% had genital prolapse and 2% rectal prolapse. It was found that the transperineal echo is capable of confirming the diagnosis in 97% as indicated by the true positive cases and 94% ruling out the negative cases. In addition, the probability coefficient for a test to be positive in a patient with urinary incontinence is 31.33 and for it to be negative 0.06 and an Odd ratio of 1.06 indicating a high probability of a diagnosis of urinary incontinence. Conclusion: In this investigation, the proposed hypothesis has been confirmed, showing that the transperineal echo technique has a high specificity and sensitivity for the diagnosis of urinary incontinence, being much higher in specificity than the pelvic echo sonography technique.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
Incontinencia Urinaria, Ecografía, Estudio de casos, Hospital General Guasmo Sur, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador