Estudio bibliográfico comparativo de la capacidad antioxidante de las hojas de guayusa (Ilex guayusa) y guayaba (Psidium guajava)
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
“Ilex guayusa” y “Psidium guajava” son especies que pueden ser consideradas alimentos funcionales, ya que son utilizadas por diferentes culturas alrededor del mundo como implemento de la medicina tradicional. El uso de las hojas de guayusa y guayaba constituye una elección valiosa por su actividad antioxidante debido a que poseen propiedades anticancerígenas, cardiovasculares y disminuyen los niveles de glucosa en sangre, etc. El objetivo de esta investigación bibliográfica es comparar la capacidad antioxidante de la hoja de guayusa (Ilex guayusa) y la hoja de guayaba (Psidium guajava) en base a estudios realizados en diferentes países (Indonesia, Chile, Colombia, Perú y Ecuador) mediante el uso de diversos métodos químicos. El presente trabajo tiene una metodología bibliográfica, documental y comparativa. Los resultados mostraron que el método ABTS posee la ventaja de tener mayor capacidad antioxidante en menor tiempo que el DPPH, también porque es capaz de medir antioxidantes de naturaleza tanto lipofílicos e hidrofílicos. Finalmente, en base a los resultados obtenidos se concluye que la hoja de guayaba (Psidium guajava) tiene mayor actividad antioxidante con un resultado de 56.4614±3.7810 μg/ml en comparación a la guayusa (Ilex guayusa) 52.7±4.3 µg/ml.
“Ilex guayusa" and "Psidium guajava" are species that can be considered functional foods, since they are used by different cultures around the world as an implement of traditional medicine. The use of guayusa and guava leaves is a valuable choice for its antioxidant activity because they have anticancer and cardiovascular properties and lower blood glucose levels, etc. The objective of this bibliographic research is to compare the antioxidant capacity of the guayusa leaf (Ilex guayusa) and the guava leaf (Psidium guajava) based on studies carried out in different countries (Indonesia, Chile, Colombia, Peru and Ecuador) through the use of various chemical methods. The present work has a bibliographical, documentary, and comparative methodology. The results showed that the ABTS method has the advantage of having a higher antioxidant capacity in less time than the DPPH, also because it is capable of measuring both lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants. Finally, based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the guava leaf (Psidium guajava) has higher antioxidant activity with a result of 56.4614±3.7810 μg/ml compared to guayusa (Ilex guayusa) 52.7±4.3 μg/ml.
“Ilex guayusa" and "Psidium guajava" are species that can be considered functional foods, since they are used by different cultures around the world as an implement of traditional medicine. The use of guayusa and guava leaves is a valuable choice for its antioxidant activity because they have anticancer and cardiovascular properties and lower blood glucose levels, etc. The objective of this bibliographic research is to compare the antioxidant capacity of the guayusa leaf (Ilex guayusa) and the guava leaf (Psidium guajava) based on studies carried out in different countries (Indonesia, Chile, Colombia, Peru and Ecuador) through the use of various chemical methods. The present work has a bibliographical, documentary, and comparative methodology. The results showed that the ABTS method has the advantage of having a higher antioxidant capacity in less time than the DPPH, also because it is capable of measuring both lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants. Finally, based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the guava leaf (Psidium guajava) has higher antioxidant activity with a result of 56.4614±3.7810 μg/ml compared to guayusa (Ilex guayusa) 52.7±4.3 μg/ml.
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ANTIOXIDANTES, ILEX GUAYUSA, PSIDIUM GUAJAVA (GUAYABA), MÉTODO DPPH, ABTS