Evaluación de la actividad antioxidante en extracto alcohólico de las hojas de Ficus Carica L. (Higo)
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
Los polifenoles son compuestos químicos con una extensa variedad de estructuras y propiedades, son una fuente de metabolitos bioactivos que poseen la capacidad de retardar o neutralizar a los radicales libres, impidiendo el desbalance prooxidante/antioxidante del cuerpo. Existe la recomendación de Organismos Internacionales de consumir vegetales y frutas por su alto contenido de polifenoles que poseen actividad antioxidante que evitan el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas. La Hoja de Ficus carica es conocida por sus diferentes propiedades terapéuticas; por esta razón esta investigación se centró en demostrar la actividad antioxidante y el contenido de polifenoles totales de las hojas de Ficus carica en extracto etanólico a diferentes concentraciones. Este estudio es de tipo descriptivo, experimental con enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo. Se procedió al realizar la cuantificación de los polifenoles totales por el método de Folin-ciocalteu en el extracto etanólico de 70%, obteniendo un 5,63%; mientras que en el extracto etanólico a 96% tiene un valor de 5,23%. Mientras que para la actividad antioxidante se empleó la técnica de DPPH (2-2difenil-1- picrilhidrazilo), consiguiendo que el extracto de etanólico a 96% un valor de IC50 de 11,25 ug/ml; el extracto etanólico a 70% obtuvo un valor de 15,40 ug/ml. El extracto etanólico al 70 % de hojas de higo obtuvo un mayor contenido de compuestos polifenólicos presentes, en cambio el extracto etanólico al 96% presento mayor actividad antioxidante.
Polyphenols are chemical compounds with a wide variety of structures and properties, they are a source of bioactive metabolites that have the ability to retard or neutralize free radicals, avoiding the prooxidant/antioxidant imbalance. There is the recommendation of International Organizations for the consumption of vegetables and fruits due to their high content of polyphenols that have antioxidant activity that prevent the development of chronic diseases. The Ficus carica Leaf is known for its different therapeutic properties; For this reason, this research focused on demonstrating the antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content of Ficus carica leaves in ethanolic extract at different concentrations. This study is descriptive, experimental with a qualitative and quantitative approach. Total polyphenols were quantified by the Folin-ciocalteu method in the 70% ethanolic extract, obtaining 5.63%; while in the 96% ethanolic extract it has a value of 5.23%. While for the antioxidant activity, the DPPH (2-2diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl) technique was used, achieving that the 96% ethanolic extract had an IC50 value of 11.25 ug/ml; the 70% ethanolic extract obtained a value of 15.40 ug/ml. The 70% ethanolic extract of fig leaves obtained higher content of polyphenolic compounds present, while the 96% ethanolic extract presented higher antioxidant activity.
Polyphenols are chemical compounds with a wide variety of structures and properties, they are a source of bioactive metabolites that have the ability to retard or neutralize free radicals, avoiding the prooxidant/antioxidant imbalance. There is the recommendation of International Organizations for the consumption of vegetables and fruits due to their high content of polyphenols that have antioxidant activity that prevent the development of chronic diseases. The Ficus carica Leaf is known for its different therapeutic properties; For this reason, this research focused on demonstrating the antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content of Ficus carica leaves in ethanolic extract at different concentrations. This study is descriptive, experimental with a qualitative and quantitative approach. Total polyphenols were quantified by the Folin-ciocalteu method in the 70% ethanolic extract, obtaining 5.63%; while in the 96% ethanolic extract it has a value of 5.23%. While for the antioxidant activity, the DPPH (2-2diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl) technique was used, achieving that the 96% ethanolic extract had an IC50 value of 11.25 ug/ml; the 70% ethanolic extract obtained a value of 15.40 ug/ml. The 70% ethanolic extract of fig leaves obtained higher content of polyphenolic compounds present, while the 96% ethanolic extract presented higher antioxidant activity.
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RADICALES LIBRES, POLIFENOLES TOTALES, FICUS CARICA (HIGO), ANTIOXIDANTES