Manejo odontológico en las complicaciones de radioterapia y quimioterapia en el cáncer oral
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2014-07
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
El cáncer más comúnmente encontrado en la cavidad oral es elcarcinoma de células escamosas o epidermoide, que constituyeaproximadamente, el 5% de todas las neoplasias. Desafortunadamente,la gran mayoría de estos tumores son diagnosticadosen estadios que exigen la instauración de tratamientosquirúrgicos, radioterapia y quimioterapia. La radioterapia sepresenta como una importante opción en la terapéutica de lostumores bucales, pudiendo ser empleada sola o en combinacióncon la cirugía y quimioterapia; ésta no tiene su papel biendefinido en la curación de los carcinomas escamosos y sueleser utilizada como coadyuvante o paliativa. Como estas terapéuticasoncológicas actúan no sólo en los tejidos enfermos,sino también sobre las células sanas, durante y después de lostratamientos suelen ocurrir efectos secundarios que pueden aparecerbajo la forma de lesiones orales y complicaciones sistémicas. Tanto el tratamiento con cirugía oncológica, comocon radioterapia y quimioterapia van a dejar secuelas o efectos adversos. En este artículo se indica el protocolo de manejo del paciente oncológico antes, durante y después de la radioterapia y quimioterapia. Además, se resalta el importante papel que tiene el odontólogo en la prevención y tratamiento de las principales complicaciones orales, proponiendo pautas de actuación terapéutica odontológica accesibles de utilización por el clínico general
Cancer most commonly found in the oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma or squamous cell, which is approximately 5% of all malignancies. Unfortunately, the vast majority of these tumors are diagnosed in stages that require the establishment of surgical treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Radiation is presented as an important therapeutic option in the oral tumors and may be used alone or in combination with surgery and chemotherapy; it does not have a clearly defined in healing squamous carcinomas paper and often used as adjuvant or palliative. How are you oncological therapeutic act not only in diseased tissues, but also healthy cells, during and after treatments often occur side effects that can appear in the form of oral lesions and systemic complications. Both treatments with cancer surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy as they will leave sequelae or adverse effects. This article describes the protocol of management of cancer patients indicated before, during and after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Furthermore, the important role of the dentist in the prevention and treatment of major oral complications, proposing guidelines accessible dental treatment performance for general clinical use is highlighted.
Cancer most commonly found in the oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma or squamous cell, which is approximately 5% of all malignancies. Unfortunately, the vast majority of these tumors are diagnosed in stages that require the establishment of surgical treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Radiation is presented as an important therapeutic option in the oral tumors and may be used alone or in combination with surgery and chemotherapy; it does not have a clearly defined in healing squamous carcinomas paper and often used as adjuvant or palliative. How are you oncological therapeutic act not only in diseased tissues, but also healthy cells, during and after treatments often occur side effects that can appear in the form of oral lesions and systemic complications. Both treatments with cancer surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy as they will leave sequelae or adverse effects. This article describes the protocol of management of cancer patients indicated before, during and after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Furthermore, the important role of the dentist in the prevention and treatment of major oral complications, proposing guidelines accessible dental treatment performance for general clinical use is highlighted.
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Palabras clave
CANCER BUCAL, QUIMIOTERAPIA, RADIOTERAPIA
Citación
Veliz Hurtado, Lisbeth Mabel (2014) : Manejo odontológico en las complicaciones de radioterapia y quimioterapia en el cáncer oral