Validación de la puntuación curb 65 en la predicción de gravedad en pacientes con neumonía extrahospitalaria
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2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La neumonía es un proceso infeccioso e inflamatorio del parénquima pulmonar causado por microrganismos, para considerarla como una neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC), el paciente debe presentar el inicio de signos y síntomas al no estar hospitalizado o en las primeras 48 horas de ingreso. La incidencia de NAC es de 1.26 por 1000 habitantes debido a sus altas tasas de mortalidad. En Ecuador, según los datos del INEC, en el año 2018 la neumonía ocupó la cuarta causa de muerte general. Objetivo: Evaluar la validez pronóstica de la escala CURB 65 en pacientes con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en el Hospital Abel Gilbert Pontón. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo no experimental, de tipo descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal, en el cual se revisó la severidad de la escala CURB-65 en pacientes con diagnóstico de NAC que fueron atendidos en la consulta de emergencia dentro del período enero 2017 a diciembre 2019, se incluyeron 102 pacientes. Resultados: Se encontró que el grupo etario más perjudicado fue mayores a 65 años, predominó el sexo masculino, siendo un mal pronóstico en los pacientes que obtuvieron puntuaciones más altas, con una tasa de mortalidad del 62% en los ingresados a UCI. Conclusión: se demostró la asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la validez pronostica de la escala CURB-65 y la mortalidad en pacientes con NAC.
Pneumonia is an infectious and inflammatory process of the pulmonary parenchyma caused by microorganisms, to consider it as a community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), the patient must have the onset of signs and symptoms when not hospitalized or within the first 48 hours of admission. The incidence of CAP is 1.26 per 1000 inhabitants due to its high mortality rates. In Ecuador, according to INEC data, pneumonia was the fourth leading cause of death in 2018. Objective: To evaluate the prognostic validity of the CURB 65 scale in patients with community-acquired pneumonia at the Abel Gilbert Pontón Hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Materials and methods: A quantitative, nonexperimental, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was performed, in which the severity of the CURB-scale was reviewed65 in patients diagnosed with CAP who were treated in the emergency consultation within the period January 2017 to December 2019. Results: 102 patients were included, it was found that the most affected age group was over 65 years, the male sex predominated, a poor prognosis was evidenced in patients who obtained higher scores, with a mortality rate of 62% in those admitted to ICU. Conclusion: The statistically significant association between the predicted validity of the CURB-65 scale and mortality in patients with CAP was demonstrated.
Pneumonia is an infectious and inflammatory process of the pulmonary parenchyma caused by microorganisms, to consider it as a community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), the patient must have the onset of signs and symptoms when not hospitalized or within the first 48 hours of admission. The incidence of CAP is 1.26 per 1000 inhabitants due to its high mortality rates. In Ecuador, according to INEC data, pneumonia was the fourth leading cause of death in 2018. Objective: To evaluate the prognostic validity of the CURB 65 scale in patients with community-acquired pneumonia at the Abel Gilbert Pontón Hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Materials and methods: A quantitative, nonexperimental, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was performed, in which the severity of the CURB-scale was reviewed65 in patients diagnosed with CAP who were treated in the emergency consultation within the period January 2017 to December 2019. Results: 102 patients were included, it was found that the most affected age group was over 65 years, the male sex predominated, a poor prognosis was evidenced in patients who obtained higher scores, with a mortality rate of 62% in those admitted to ICU. Conclusion: The statistically significant association between the predicted validity of the CURB-65 scale and mortality in patients with CAP was demonstrated.
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Neumonia, Parénquima pulmonar, Mortalidad, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador