Factores de riesgo asociados a infección de catéter venoso central en pacientes críticos
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Las infecciones nosocomiales más comunes se dan en aquellos pacientes que
portan catéter venoso central, ya que esta es una vía de acceso directo al
torrente sanguíneo del paciente portador. Objetivo: determinar los factores de
riesgo en las infecciones por CVC. Metodología: La presente es una
investigación de enfoque cualitativo, de tipo retrospectivo, no experimental, de
método observacional. Resultados: Entre los principales factores de riesgo se
identificó el sexo masculino (67,86%), edad entre los 51 y 70 años edad
(38,39%), comorbilidades asociadas como la hipertensión arterial (35,71%) y
diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (30,36%). Conclusiones: Como principales
complicaciones de las infecciones del CVC se logró evidenciar la sepsis
(37,8%), el choque séptico (28,83%) y fallecieron un (9,9%). El acceso venoso
más popular entre los profesionales de la salud es el acceso yugular (66.07%).
Los microorganismos más comunes aislados son staphylococus aureus
(30,36%) y el staphylococus coagulasa positivo (25,89%).
The most common nosocomial infections occur in those patients who carry a central venous catheter, since this is a direct access route to the patient's bloodstream. Objective: to determine the risk factors in CVC infections. Methodology: This is a qualitative approach research, retrospective, non experimental, observational method. Results: Male sex (67.86%), age between 51 and 70 years old (38.39%), associated comorbidities such as high blood pressure (35.71%) and diabetes mellitus were identified among the main risk factors. type 2 (30.36%). Conclusions: The main complications of CVC infections were sepsis (37.8%), septic shock (28.83%) and one (9.9%) died. The most popular venous access among health professionals is the jugular access (66.07%). The most common microorganisms isolated are staphylococcus aureus (30.36%) and coagulase-positive staphylococcus (25.89%).
The most common nosocomial infections occur in those patients who carry a central venous catheter, since this is a direct access route to the patient's bloodstream. Objective: to determine the risk factors in CVC infections. Methodology: This is a qualitative approach research, retrospective, non experimental, observational method. Results: Male sex (67.86%), age between 51 and 70 years old (38.39%), associated comorbidities such as high blood pressure (35.71%) and diabetes mellitus were identified among the main risk factors. type 2 (30.36%). Conclusions: The main complications of CVC infections were sepsis (37.8%), septic shock (28.83%) and one (9.9%) died. The most popular venous access among health professionals is the jugular access (66.07%). The most common microorganisms isolated are staphylococcus aureus (30.36%) and coagulase-positive staphylococcus (25.89%).
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CATETER VENOSO CENTRAL, PACIENTES, INFECCION HOSPITALARIA, FACTORES DE RIESGO, ESTUDIO OBSERVACIONAL, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES DR. TEODORO MALDONADO CARBO, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR