Estudio técnico y económico para instalar una empresa que se dedique a la fabricación de estructuras metálicas para lámparas fluorescentes.
Fecha
2015-03-20
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial.
Resumen
El objetivo de esta Tesis de Grado es: Realizar un estudio técnico económico para instalar una empresa que se dedique a la fabricación de estructuras metálicas para lámparas fluorescentes. Para el efecto, se aplica la metodología de la encuesta a los Ingenieros eléctricos y a los productores de estructuras metálicas para lámparas fluorescentes, en la ciudad de Guayaquil, a través de la selección del muestreo probabilístico, con ayuda de gráficos estadísticos de pastel, barras, líneas, la obtención de parámetros de estadísticas descriptivas, que sirven para efectuar el análisis de demanda y de oferta, calculándose la demanda insatisfecha que fue igual a 66.670 durante el primer año; luego se realiza el análisis de los factores para determinar el tamaño de la planta, la localización óptima y la Ingeniería del proyecto, con base en los diagramas de análisis de operaciones, de bloques, de planta y de recorrido; además se diseñó el organigrama organizacional la estructural de las secciones administrativas, producción y ventas, con la respectiva asignación de funciones del talento humano. La inversión total requerida para el proyecto asciende al monto de $115.942,01, correspondiendo el 91,98% ($106.639,34) a la inversión fija y el 8,02% ($9.302,67) concierne al capital de operación. La Tasa Interna de Retorno de la Inversión TIR es del 33,09% supera a la tasa de descuento que equivale al 11%, lo cual es positivo para el proyecto, el Valor Actual Neto VAN suma la cantidad de $256.525,46, recuperándose la inversión en 4 años, plazo menor a la vida útil estimada en 10 años, con un coeficiente beneficio costo igual a 2,21 superior a la unidad, mientras que el margen neto de utilidad ascenderá a 24,96% en el primer año con una expectativa de alcanzar 33,03% en el quinto año, evidenciándose la factibilidad del proyecto y la conveniencia de la inversión.
The aim of this thesis is: an economic technical study to install a company engaged to the manufacture of metal structures for fluorescent lamps. For this purpose, the methodology applied is the survey to the electrical engineers and producers of metal structures for fluorescent lamps, in the city of Guayaquil, through the selection of the probability sampling, with the help of percentage round statistics graphic, bar, lines, obtaining parameters of descriptive statistics, which are used to perform the analysis of demand and supply calculating the unsatisfied demand was equal to 66.670 during the first year; then the factor analysis is performed to determine the size of in plant, the optimum location and the engineering of the project, based on diagrams from analysis of operations, plant and travel blocks; In addition it was designed the structural organizational chart of the administrative sections, production and sales, with the respective assignment of functions of human talent. The total investment required for the project amounts to the amount of $115.942.01, corresponding to the 91.98% ($106.639.34) at fixed investment 8.02% ($9.302.67) relating to the capital of operation. The internal rate of investment return IRR is 33,09% outperforms the discount rate which is equivalent to 11%, which is positive for the project, the VAN net present value quantity is the amount of $256.525,46, recovering the investment in 4 years, which is a shorter period to the estimated useful life in 10 years, with a coefficient benefit cost equal to 2.21 upper unit, while the net profit margin will rise to 24.96% in the first year with the expectation of 33.03% in the fifth year, demonstrating the feasibility of the project and the suitability of the investment.
The aim of this thesis is: an economic technical study to install a company engaged to the manufacture of metal structures for fluorescent lamps. For this purpose, the methodology applied is the survey to the electrical engineers and producers of metal structures for fluorescent lamps, in the city of Guayaquil, through the selection of the probability sampling, with the help of percentage round statistics graphic, bar, lines, obtaining parameters of descriptive statistics, which are used to perform the analysis of demand and supply calculating the unsatisfied demand was equal to 66.670 during the first year; then the factor analysis is performed to determine the size of in plant, the optimum location and the engineering of the project, based on diagrams from analysis of operations, plant and travel blocks; In addition it was designed the structural organizational chart of the administrative sections, production and sales, with the respective assignment of functions of human talent. The total investment required for the project amounts to the amount of $115.942.01, corresponding to the 91.98% ($106.639.34) at fixed investment 8.02% ($9.302.67) relating to the capital of operation. The internal rate of investment return IRR is 33,09% outperforms the discount rate which is equivalent to 11%, which is positive for the project, the VAN net present value quantity is the amount of $256.525,46, recovering the investment in 4 years, which is a shorter period to the estimated useful life in 10 years, with a coefficient benefit cost equal to 2.21 upper unit, while the net profit margin will rise to 24.96% in the first year with the expectation of 33.03% in the fifth year, demonstrating the feasibility of the project and the suitability of the investment.
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Palabras clave
PROYECTOS, ESTRUCTURAS METÁLICAS, LÁMPARAS FLUORESCENTES