Selección de los pilares en puentes dentales fijos con extensiones amplias.
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Fecha
2011
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología. Escuela de Postgrado "Dr. José Apolo Pineda".
Resumen
La presente resume la selección de los pilares en puentes
dentales fijos con extensiones amplias, vale resaltar que las
fuerzas oclusales se transmiten a los dientes pilares a través
de los pónticos, los conectores y los mismos retenedores.
Existen tres requisitos esenciales que deben cumplir los
dientes pilares: Los tejidos circundantes deben estar libres de
inflamación. Es necesario tratar el periodonto antes de
realizar cualquier tipo de odontología restauradora.
Asimismo deben presentar adecuado soporte óseo tanto en
calidad como en cantidad. No deben presentar ningún tipo de
movilidad patológica. Nyman y Lang establecen que el grado
de movilidad dentaria depende de la altura o cantidad del
tejido de soporte y la amplitud del ligamento periodontal.
Cuando existe movilidad dentaria en presencia de altura
ósea normal (p. e. ensanchamiento del ligamento periodontal
producido por trauma oclusal), el simple “ajuste oclusal” o
“ambientación oclusal” eliminará la causa y la movilidad
tendrá un carácter reversible. Por otro lado, cuando a
movilidad es originada por una altura ósea reducida, la
ferulación estará indicada para que no empeore el
pronóstico de los dientes pilares y la paciente no presente
incomodidad durante la función masticatoria Si la demanda
funcional sobre los dientes pilares es mayor que su
capacidad de resistencia, el pronóstico de éstos estará
seriamente comprometido. De esta manera se considera que
los dientes con movilidad progresiva y no reversible, no son
buenos candidatos como pilares individuales, como pilares
para una prótesis parcial fija unilateral o como soporte de
una prótesis parcial removible. La selección de los dientes
pilares depende de tres factores: Proporción corona-raíz,
Configuración de la raíz, y Área o superficie radicular
This summarizes the selection of fixed dental bridges pillars with wide expanses, it is worth mentioning that occlusal forces are transmitted to the abutment teeth through the pontics, connectors and retaining them. There are three essential requirements to be met by the abutment teeth, surrounding tissues must be free of inflammation. It is necessary to treat periodontal before making any type of restorative dentistry. Also must submit adequate bone support in both quality and quantity. They should not show any pathological mobility. Nyman and Lang state that the degree of tooth mobility depends on the height or number of the supporting tissue and periodontal ligament width. When there is tooth mobility in the presence of normal bone height (eg periodontal ligament widening caused by occlusal trauma), the simple "occlusal adjustment" or "occlusal setting" remove the cause and mobility have a reversible character. On the other hand, when mobility is caused by reduced bone height, the ferulación is not indicated for the prognosis of abutment teeth and the patient does not have discomfort during mastication If the functional demand on the abutment teeth is greater than their resilience, the prognosis of these will be seriously compromised. Thus it is considered that mobile teeth progressive and not reversible, they are not good candidates as individual pillars as pillars for a unilateral fixed partial denture or to support a removable partial denture. The selection of the abutment teeth depends on three factors: crown-root ratio, root configuration, and surface area or root.
This summarizes the selection of fixed dental bridges pillars with wide expanses, it is worth mentioning that occlusal forces are transmitted to the abutment teeth through the pontics, connectors and retaining them. There are three essential requirements to be met by the abutment teeth, surrounding tissues must be free of inflammation. It is necessary to treat periodontal before making any type of restorative dentistry. Also must submit adequate bone support in both quality and quantity. They should not show any pathological mobility. Nyman and Lang state that the degree of tooth mobility depends on the height or number of the supporting tissue and periodontal ligament width. When there is tooth mobility in the presence of normal bone height (eg periodontal ligament widening caused by occlusal trauma), the simple "occlusal adjustment" or "occlusal setting" remove the cause and mobility have a reversible character. On the other hand, when mobility is caused by reduced bone height, the ferulación is not indicated for the prognosis of abutment teeth and the patient does not have discomfort during mastication If the functional demand on the abutment teeth is greater than their resilience, the prognosis of these will be seriously compromised. Thus it is considered that mobile teeth progressive and not reversible, they are not good candidates as individual pillars as pillars for a unilateral fixed partial denture or to support a removable partial denture. The selection of the abutment teeth depends on three factors: crown-root ratio, root configuration, and surface area or root.
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Palabras clave
PILARES DENTALES, EDENTULISMO PARCIAL, PROTESIS DENTAL PARCIAL FIJA