Prevención de salud en adultos mayores de 65 años por medio de un centro geriátrico- gerontológico
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2012
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología. Escuela de Postgrado "Dr. José Apolo Pineda".
Resumen
La falta de Prevención en la población de adultos
mayores en nuestro país conlleva a la aparición de
enfermedades crónicas y degenerativa que a nivel
de estado elevan el presupuesto en salud .Es por
eso que una de las medidas fundamentales del
milenio es trabajar a nivel de prevención y
promoción de salud. El gobierno nacional a través
del Ministerio de Salud Pública, el MIES, el Instituto
Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social, Municipios y
Organizaciones no gubernamentales se ha enfocado
en desarrollar programas de Atención Primaria en
Salud que es el nivel inicial de atención que debe
garantizar la globalidad y continuidad de atención a
lo largo de la vida del paciente. Comprende
actividades de promoción de la salud, educación
sanitaria, prevención de la enfermedad, asistencia
sanitaria, mantenimiento y recuperación de la salud
y rehabilitación. Aproximadamente la mitad de
consultas realizadas en los centros o equipos de
atención primaria provienen de personas mayores
de 65 años. Su situación funcional puede fluctuar
desde la independencia en el desempeño de todas
las áreas ocupacionales hasta el inmovilismo
domiciliario, por lo que es conveniente valorar
periódicamente los niveles de desempeño
ocupacional con el objetivo de prevenir posibles
deterioros funcionales e incrementar la expectativa
de vida libre de incapacidad. La prevención actúa a
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través de la promoción de la actividad y la
prevención de accidentes. La promoción de la
actividad se basa en que la actividad, per se, es
saludable y, por el contrario, la inactividad conduce
a insatisfacción y a la pérdida del sentimiento de
bienestar. Partiendo de estos parámetros y teniendo
en cuenta el concepto expuesto por la
Organización Mundial de la Salud referente al
envejecimiento activo se crean los Centros diurnos
o Centros gerontológicos cuyo objetivo general es
mantener capacidades funcionales para mejorar
calidad de vida, acatando las disposiciones que
plantea la Constitución y el Ministerio de Salud
Publica. El principal objetivo de un Centro
Geriátrico Gerontológico es brindar calidad de vida
al adulto mayor mediante actividades
psicoeducativas, físicas, cognitivas y recreativas
que le permiten modificar sus hábitos negativos en
cuanto a salud se refiere así disminuyendo
patologías psicoafectivo que predominan en esta
etapa de la vida. Este giro en la perspectiva de la
vejez supone para los profesionales socio sanitarios
aceptar un nuevo compromiso que redunde en
mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas mayores.
Este compromiso es el de entender a la persona
mayor como un agente activo, dinámico y capaz de
incorporar tanto nuevos hábitos y actividades en su
día a día como de afrontar retos en los procesos de
rehabilitación funcional, alcanzando así el objetivo
general que es mejorar su calidad de vida. Se
recopilará información a través de investigación
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científica bibliográfica y también mediante citas de
internet referente a este tema que servirá de base
para el conocimiento y difusión del mismo, a su vez
tratando de incentivar a los profesionales de la
salud en el tema de la geriatría y gerontología.
Palabras claves:
Prevención Envejecimiento Calidad de vida Centro
Geriátrico Gerontológico
The lack of prevention in the population of older adults in our country leads to the emergence of chronic and degenerative diseases that elevate the health budget at the State level. That is why one of 10 the key measures of the Millennium is to work at the level of prevention and health promotion. The national Government through the Ministry of public health, the MIES, the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security, municipalities and non-governmental organizations has focused on developing programs for primary care in health which is the initial level of care that should ensure the comprehensiveness and continuity of care throughout the life of the patient. It comprises promotion of health, health education, prevention of disease, health-care, maintenance and recovery of health and rehabilitation. Approximately half of consultations undertaken in centers or primary care teams come from people older than 65 years. Their functional status may fluctuate from independence in the performance of all occupational areas until the stagnation at home, so it is convenient to periodically assess the levels of occupational performance with the aim of preventing possible functional impairment and increase life expectancy free of disability. The prevention acts through the promotion of the activity and the prevention of accidents. The promotion of the activity is based on that activity, per, it is healthy and, conversely, inactivity leads to dissatisfaction and loss of the sense of well-being. On the basis of these parameters, taking into account the concept presented by the World Health Organization concerning active ageing are diurnal and geriatric centers whose overall objective is to maintain functional capabilities to improve quality of 11 life. Considering this, observing the provisions arising from the Constitution and the Ministry of public. The Center geriatric Gerontology main objective is to provide quality of life for adult through psychoeducational, physical, cognitive and recreational to allow you to modify your negative habits in terms of health referred so reducing psychological pathologies that predominate in the Centre. This turn in the perspective of old age is for the professional health partner a new commitment that would improve the quality of life of older persons. This commitment is the understand the person more as an agent active, dynamic and able to incorporate both new habits and activities in your day to day as face challenges in functional rehabilitation processes, thus reaching the overall goal which is to improve their quality of life. Will be collected reports Information will be collected through literature research and also quotes from internet about this topic that will form the basis for the understanding and dissemination of the same, in turn attempting to encourage the health professionals in the field of Geriatrics and Gerontology. Key words: PREVENTION, ACTIVE AGEING QUALITY OF LIFE, GERONTOLOGY GERIATRIC CENTER
The lack of prevention in the population of older adults in our country leads to the emergence of chronic and degenerative diseases that elevate the health budget at the State level. That is why one of 10 the key measures of the Millennium is to work at the level of prevention and health promotion. The national Government through the Ministry of public health, the MIES, the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security, municipalities and non-governmental organizations has focused on developing programs for primary care in health which is the initial level of care that should ensure the comprehensiveness and continuity of care throughout the life of the patient. It comprises promotion of health, health education, prevention of disease, health-care, maintenance and recovery of health and rehabilitation. Approximately half of consultations undertaken in centers or primary care teams come from people older than 65 years. Their functional status may fluctuate from independence in the performance of all occupational areas until the stagnation at home, so it is convenient to periodically assess the levels of occupational performance with the aim of preventing possible functional impairment and increase life expectancy free of disability. The prevention acts through the promotion of the activity and the prevention of accidents. The promotion of the activity is based on that activity, per, it is healthy and, conversely, inactivity leads to dissatisfaction and loss of the sense of well-being. On the basis of these parameters, taking into account the concept presented by the World Health Organization concerning active ageing are diurnal and geriatric centers whose overall objective is to maintain functional capabilities to improve quality of 11 life. Considering this, observing the provisions arising from the Constitution and the Ministry of public. The Center geriatric Gerontology main objective is to provide quality of life for adult through psychoeducational, physical, cognitive and recreational to allow you to modify your negative habits in terms of health referred so reducing psychological pathologies that predominate in the Centre. This turn in the perspective of old age is for the professional health partner a new commitment that would improve the quality of life of older persons. This commitment is the understand the person more as an agent active, dynamic and able to incorporate both new habits and activities in your day to day as face challenges in functional rehabilitation processes, thus reaching the overall goal which is to improve their quality of life. Will be collected reports Information will be collected through literature research and also quotes from internet about this topic that will form the basis for the understanding and dissemination of the same, in turn attempting to encourage the health professionals in the field of Geriatrics and Gerontology. Key words: PREVENTION, ACTIVE AGEING QUALITY OF LIFE, GERONTOLOGY GERIATRIC CENTER
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Palabras clave
SERVICIOS GERIATRICOS DE SALUD, ATENCION AL PACIENTE, ADULTO MAYOR