Propuesta de gestión de residuos sólidos urbanos para la ciudad de Guayaquil
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2015-04-21
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Económicas
Resumen
El presente trabajo tiene como objeto proporcionar una propuesta de gestión de residuos sólidos para la ciudad de Guayaquil, analizando su situación actual, a fin de facilitar un modelo sostenible del tratamiento de residuos sólidos y determinar el impacto que genera la basura en la sociedad, así como los beneficios económicos resultantes en la implementación de la propuesta para distintos escenarios, desde su situación actual hasta su estado óptimo.
Se analizan los recursos existentes en la situación actual, a través de la recopilación de información y análisis de las fuentes principales, como son los hogares y los recicladores informales, utilizando la técnica de la encuesta para procesar los datos generados en programas de cálculo como Excel.
Los resultados obtenidos, determinaron de forma real, que el total de la basura generada en la ciudad es de 3.133 toneladas diarias, un promedio de 5.10 kilos por hogar, del cual 2.833 toneladas son transportadas y enterradas técnicamente en el relleno sanitario, y únicamente 300 toneladas se reciclan.
La implementación de la presente propuesta permitirá generar un mejor proceso de reciclaje y beneficios económicos para la ciudad, con la participación e involucramiento del ente rector y administrador de los residuos sólidos urbanos, así también con la integración e inclusión de los recicladores informales a través de su formalización; a fin de disminuir la cantidad de residuos sólidos que terminan en el relleno sanitario, reduciéndose el vertido incontrolado de basura potencialmente reciclable y reutilizable, que permiten obtener recursos sustentables de materia prima como: papel, cartón, plástico, vidrio, metal y material compostable.
This paper aims to provide a proposal for solid waste management for the city of Guayaquil, analyzing your current situation, to facilitate a sustainable model of solid waste treatment and determine the impact generated garbage in the society, as the economic benefits arising in the implementation of the proposal for different scenarios, from its current situation to its optimum state. Existing resources in the current situation are discussed, through information gathering and analysis of primary sources, such as households and informal recyclers, using the survey technique to process data generated by programs such as Excel . The results, determined in a real way, the total waste generated in the city is 3,133 tons per day, an average of 5.10 kilos per household, of which 2,833 tonnes are transported and buried technically in the landfill, and only 300 tonnes recycled. The implementation of this proposal will generate better recycling process and economic benefits for the city, with the participation and involvement of the governing body and manager of municipal solid waste, and also to the integration and inclusion of informal recyclers through formalization; to decrease the amount of solid waste that end up in the landfill, reducing the uncontrolled dumping of potentially recyclable and reusable waste, which can obtain sustainable raw material resources such as paper, cardboard, plastic, glass, metal and compostable material
This paper aims to provide a proposal for solid waste management for the city of Guayaquil, analyzing your current situation, to facilitate a sustainable model of solid waste treatment and determine the impact generated garbage in the society, as the economic benefits arising in the implementation of the proposal for different scenarios, from its current situation to its optimum state. Existing resources in the current situation are discussed, through information gathering and analysis of primary sources, such as households and informal recyclers, using the survey technique to process data generated by programs such as Excel . The results, determined in a real way, the total waste generated in the city is 3,133 tons per day, an average of 5.10 kilos per household, of which 2,833 tonnes are transported and buried technically in the landfill, and only 300 tonnes recycled. The implementation of this proposal will generate better recycling process and economic benefits for the city, with the participation and involvement of the governing body and manager of municipal solid waste, and also to the integration and inclusion of informal recyclers through formalization; to decrease the amount of solid waste that end up in the landfill, reducing the uncontrolled dumping of potentially recyclable and reusable waste, which can obtain sustainable raw material resources such as paper, cardboard, plastic, glass, metal and compostable material
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Recursos naturales
Palabras clave
ECONOMÍA AMBIENTAL, RESIDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS, RECICLAJE