Caracterización molecular de plátanos mediante marcadores RAPD'S
Fecha
2011
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El presente estudio se realizó a través de marcadores moleculares RAPD‘s (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA), para analizar 120 materiales de plátano (Musa AAB) (80 de ―Dominico‖ y 40 de ―Barraganete‖), pertenecientes al Banco de Germoplasma ex situ de materiales élites del Programa Nacional de Banano, Plátano y otras Musáceas de la Estación Experimental del Litoral Sur ―Dr. Enrique Ampuero Pareja‖ del Instituto Nacional Autónomo de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP).
Los objetivos fueron generar información que contribuya a la identificación de genotipos superiores de plátano ―Dominico‖ y ―Barraganete‖; determinar molecularmente la variabilidad genética de 80 clones de plátano ―Dominico‖ y 40 de ―Barraganete‖ existentes en la colección de la EELS mediante la técnica molecular RAPD‘s e identificar grupos genéticamente distintos dentro de las poblaciones de plátano de los cultivares en estudio.
De los 15 iniciadores utilizados en esta investigación, se seleccionaron 5 para analizar cada subcultivar. Las condiciones de la amplificación del ADN y el programa ensayado, fueron los recomendados por el Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Estación Experimental Santa Catalina del INIAP. Los productos de la PCR se sometieron a electroforesis en gel de agarosa al 1.5%, utilizando una solución de TAE, teñidos con bromuro de etidio, visualizados y fotodocumentados.
Los decámeros fueron capaces de generar 37 y 32 bandas (Dominico y Barraganete respectivamente) con un 64% de polimorfismos. Con los datos generados se construyó una matriz de distancias genéticas. A partir del índice de Jaccard, representada en un dendrograma UPGMA se determinó un alto grado de semejanza intraespecífica r = 0.8 y 0.73 (―Barraganete‖ y ―Dominico‖ respectivamente). Adicionalmente se realizó la comparación de matrices (bootstrapping).
The present study was performed using molecular markers RAPD's (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) to analyze materials 120 banana (Musa AAB) (80 -Barraganete‖ -Dominico‖ and 40), belonging to the former Germplasm Bank situ materials elite National Program banana, and other Musáceas Experimental Station Coastal South -Dr. Enrique Ampuero Pareja‖ the Autonomous National Agricultural Research Institute (INIAP). The objectives were to generate information to help identify superior genotypes of banana and -Barraganete‖ -Dominico‖; molecularly determine the genetic variability of banana clones 80 and 40 -Dominico‖ -Barraganete‖ existing collection of EELS RAPD'se by molecular technique to identify genetically distinct groups within populations of banana cultivars under study. Of the 15 primers used in this study, five were selected to analyze each subculture. The conditions for amplification of DNA and tested program were recommended by the Biotechnology Laboratory of Experimental Station INIAP Santa Catalina. The PCR products were electrophoresed on agarose gel 1.5%, using a solution of TAE, ethidium bromide stained, visualized and photo-documented. The decamers were able to generate 37 and 32 bands (Dominic and Barraganete respectively) with 64% of polymorphisms. With the data generated a matrix of genetic distances was built. From Jaccard index, displayed in a dendrogram UPGMA a high degree of intraspecific similarity r = 0.8 and 0.73 (-Barraganete‖ and -Dominico‖ respectively) was determined. Additionally comparing matrices (bootstrapping) was performed.
The present study was performed using molecular markers RAPD's (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) to analyze materials 120 banana (Musa AAB) (80 -Barraganete‖ -Dominico‖ and 40), belonging to the former Germplasm Bank situ materials elite National Program banana, and other Musáceas Experimental Station Coastal South -Dr. Enrique Ampuero Pareja‖ the Autonomous National Agricultural Research Institute (INIAP). The objectives were to generate information to help identify superior genotypes of banana and -Barraganete‖ -Dominico‖; molecularly determine the genetic variability of banana clones 80 and 40 -Dominico‖ -Barraganete‖ existing collection of EELS RAPD'se by molecular technique to identify genetically distinct groups within populations of banana cultivars under study. Of the 15 primers used in this study, five were selected to analyze each subculture. The conditions for amplification of DNA and tested program were recommended by the Biotechnology Laboratory of Experimental Station INIAP Santa Catalina. The PCR products were electrophoresed on agarose gel 1.5%, using a solution of TAE, ethidium bromide stained, visualized and photo-documented. The decamers were able to generate 37 and 32 bands (Dominic and Barraganete respectively) with 64% of polymorphisms. With the data generated a matrix of genetic distances was built. From Jaccard index, displayed in a dendrogram UPGMA a high degree of intraspecific similarity r = 0.8 and 0.73 (-Barraganete‖ and -Dominico‖ respectively) was determined. Additionally comparing matrices (bootstrapping) was performed.
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PLATANO, CLONES DE PLATANO