Evaluación de evapotranspiración del cultivo de banano (Musa sp) utilizando la ecuación de la FAO Penman-Monteith
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2015
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El presente trabajo se realizó en el recinto La Cadena, de la parroquia “Manuel J. Calle”, en el cantón La Troncal, provincia del Cañar y en el Achiote del cantón El Triunfo, provincia del Guayas. Se estudió el efecto de la Evapotranspiración en los indicadores de rendimientos del cultivo del banano, variedad Cavendish. Para ello nos trazamos los objetivos siguientes: a) determinar los parámetros edafoclimáticos del área experimental con fines de riego y las necesidades hídricas del cultivo de banano durante su periodo vegetativo y b) realizar evaluación beneficio costo en ambos recintos. Se calculó la evapotranspiración potencial de las zonas en estudio utilizando el método de FAO Penman Monteith. Se recopilaron datos para la respectiva evaluación de las variables siguientes: altura de planta, diámetro del pseudotallo, número de hojas, peso del racimo, número de manos y rendimientos del cultivo. El mejor rendimiento, mayor peso de racimo, más manos por racimo, mayor cantidad de hojas por planta, el mayor diámetro de pseudotallo y las plantas más altas del banano variedad Cavendish; se obtuvieron en el cantón El Triunfo, donde las demandas de agua fueron mayores. En el propio cantón se obtuvo un mayor beneficio por costo de producción.
This work was carried out on site La Cadena, parish Manuel J. Calle, in the canton La Troncal province of Cañar and Achiote in Canton El Triunfo, Guayas Province. The effect of evapotranspiration, yield indicators of the banana crop, Cavendish variety. To do this we set ourselves the following objectives: a) to determine the parameters of the experimental area soil and climate for irrigation and water needs of banana cultivation during the growing period and b) carry out cost benefit analysis on both campuses. The potential evapotranspiration of the areas under study was calculated using the FAO Penman - Monteith method. Plant height, pseudostem diameter, number of leaves, bunch weight, number of hands and crop yields: data for the respective assessment of the following variables were collected. The better performance, higher bunch weight, more hands per bunch, more leaves per plant, the largest diameter of pseudostem and the highest Cavendish variety banana plants; was obtained in the Canton El Triunfo where water demands were higher. In the canton had greater benefit was obtained by production cost.
This work was carried out on site La Cadena, parish Manuel J. Calle, in the canton La Troncal province of Cañar and Achiote in Canton El Triunfo, Guayas Province. The effect of evapotranspiration, yield indicators of the banana crop, Cavendish variety. To do this we set ourselves the following objectives: a) to determine the parameters of the experimental area soil and climate for irrigation and water needs of banana cultivation during the growing period and b) carry out cost benefit analysis on both campuses. The potential evapotranspiration of the areas under study was calculated using the FAO Penman - Monteith method. Plant height, pseudostem diameter, number of leaves, bunch weight, number of hands and crop yields: data for the respective assessment of the following variables were collected. The better performance, higher bunch weight, more hands per bunch, more leaves per plant, the largest diameter of pseudostem and the highest Cavendish variety banana plants; was obtained in the Canton El Triunfo where water demands were higher. In the canton had greater benefit was obtained by production cost.
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BANANO, CULTIVO DE BANANO, EVAPOTRANSPIRACION