Determinación de Brucella metilenses en ovinos en la ciudad de Pelileo
Fecha
2007
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia
Resumen
Dentro de las infectopatías de origen profesional la brucelosis ocupa sin duda alguna un lugar de especial relevancia. Su alta prevalencia y las características epidemiológicas y evolutivas de la propia enfermedad, hacen que su impacto social y económico sea muy superior al de otras enfermedades, generando grandes pérdidas anuales.
La brucelosis es una infección originada por una bacteria denominada Brucella. Siendo una enfermedad de mucho riesgo no tan solo para los animales sino también para el personal que trabaja con aquellos, por el peligro que corre al estar en contacto con los exudados de la placenta en el momento del parto o aborto, y por medio de los derivados que consumen, el género más frecuente que afecta al ser humano es la Brucella melitensis
La brucelosis ocupa el segundo lugar en cuanto a nivel de registro de enfermedades profesionales.
Es las ovejas ocasiona epididimitis u orquitis con disminución de la calidad del semen y en las hembras preñadas una placentitis desencadenando en aborto al término de la preñez o disminución de la vitalidad de los neonatos.
La transmisión de la enfermedad se produce por vía oral al ingerir pasto y/o agua contaminada con la bacteria, por vía venérea y también por el olfateo o lamido de los órganos genitales de carneros o de borregas vacías por machos infectados, afectando de manera mucho más dramática en rebaños con manejo deficiente. 47
El control de la enfermedad se apoya generalmente en la eliminación de los machos con diagnóstico clínico, bacteriológico y/o serológico positivo. Sin embargo, la vacunación es el medio más económico y práctico para controlar la infección por Brucella ovis en países con altas y medianas prevalencias, pues la erradicación por medio de pruebas serológicas y eliminación de los animales es económicamente.
En cuanto a su distribución geográfica, las zonas del interior registran una alta endemia con núcleos de baja endemia que coinciden con los núcleos más industrializados. El territorio litoral, exceptuando la costa occidental de Andalucía e islas presentan un nivel de endemia bajo o muy bajo.
En relación con otros países de nuestro ámbito, España presenta la tasa más alta de prevalencia exceptuando Grecia. Asimismo la tendencia evolutiva es decreciente para todos los países exceptuando España y Grecia, destacando en este marco evolutivo-decreciente Italia y Suiza.
Inside the home infectopatías professional brucellosis certainly occupies a place of special significance. Its high prevalence and epidemiological characteristics and evolution of the disease itself, mean that their social and economic impact is much higher than other diseases, generating huge annual losses. Brucellosis is an infection caused by a bacteria called Brucella. Being a disease of high risk not only for animals but also for staff working with those on the risks of being in contact with exudates from the placenta at delivery or abortion, and through the from consuming, the gender most often affects the human being is the Brucella melitensis Brucellosis is second in terms of level of registration of occupational diseases. It causes the sheep epididymitis or orchitis with decreased semen quality and in pregnant animals placentitis triggering an abortion at the end of pregnancy or diminution of the vitality of the newborn. Disease transmission occurs by the oral route by ingesting grass and / or water contaminated with the bacteria, by and by the venereal sniffing or licking of the genital organs of rams or ewes empty infected males, affecting so much more dramatic in herds with poor management. Disease control usually relies on the elimination of males with a clinical diagnosis, bacteriological and / or HIV positive. However, vaccination is the most economical and practical to control the infection by Brucella ovis in countries with high and medium prevalence, since the eradication by serology and disposal of animals is economically. As for their geographical distribution, the interior have a high incidence of nuclei 49 with low endemicity matching kernels industrialized. The coastal territory, except the west coast of Andalusia and islands have a low level of endemic or very low. In relation to other countries in our area, Spain presents the highest prevalence rate except Greece. Furthermore, the evolutionary trend is decreasing for all countries except Spain and Greece, especially in this evolutionary framework to low-Italy and Switzerland.
Inside the home infectopatías professional brucellosis certainly occupies a place of special significance. Its high prevalence and epidemiological characteristics and evolution of the disease itself, mean that their social and economic impact is much higher than other diseases, generating huge annual losses. Brucellosis is an infection caused by a bacteria called Brucella. Being a disease of high risk not only for animals but also for staff working with those on the risks of being in contact with exudates from the placenta at delivery or abortion, and through the from consuming, the gender most often affects the human being is the Brucella melitensis Brucellosis is second in terms of level of registration of occupational diseases. It causes the sheep epididymitis or orchitis with decreased semen quality and in pregnant animals placentitis triggering an abortion at the end of pregnancy or diminution of the vitality of the newborn. Disease transmission occurs by the oral route by ingesting grass and / or water contaminated with the bacteria, by and by the venereal sniffing or licking of the genital organs of rams or ewes empty infected males, affecting so much more dramatic in herds with poor management. Disease control usually relies on the elimination of males with a clinical diagnosis, bacteriological and / or HIV positive. However, vaccination is the most economical and practical to control the infection by Brucella ovis in countries with high and medium prevalence, since the eradication by serology and disposal of animals is economically. As for their geographical distribution, the interior have a high incidence of nuclei 49 with low endemicity matching kernels industrialized. The coastal territory, except the west coast of Andalusia and islands have a low level of endemic or very low. In relation to other countries in our area, Spain presents the highest prevalence rate except Greece. Furthermore, the evolutionary trend is decreasing for all countries except Spain and Greece, especially in this evolutionary framework to low-Italy and Switzerland.
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MICROBIOLOGIA, GENERO BRUCELLA, OVINOS