Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP) de las adolescentes embarazadas que son atendidas en la Consulta Externa del Hospital Materno Infantil Dra. Matilde Hidalgo de Procel sobre síndrome preeclampsia-eclampsia. Guayaquil 2014
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2014
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería
Resumen
El síndrome de preeclampsia y eclampsia es una afección que solo la padecen las mujeres en estado de gravidez, por esta razón se estructuró el objetivo de determinar los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP) de las adolescentes embarazadas que son atendidas en la consulta externa del Hospital Materno Infantil “Dra. Matilde Hidalgo de Prócel” sobre el Síndrome Preeclampsia-Eclampsia, seleccionándose una muestra de 164 gestantes menores de edad, mediante un estudio transversal, cuantitativo y descriptivo, obteniéndose como hallazgos que 9 de cada diez adolescentes en estado de gravidez tienen instrucción primaria y secundaria no terminada, con dos terceras partes de madres solteras que atraviesan su primer embarazo y un 26% de embarazadas con antecedentes familiares, quienes tienen mayor riesgo de preeclampsia – eclampsia, debido a los factores de raza, edad, primera gestación, bajos niveles de instrucción, antecedentes familiares y por ser madres solteras no tienen el apoyo del padre de su hijo/a, agudizándose el problema por la actitud de indiferencia al autocuidado durante su embarazo, debido a que 7 de cada 10 adolescentes debe ser motivada por otros para que asistan a las consultas prenatales, se guían por creencias y mitos, realizando prácticas inadecuadas como es el caso de consumir comidas chatarras y bebidas gaseosas, llevando una vida sedentaria, además se automedica ante un síntoma de inestabilidad en su salud durante la gestación, en conclusión, el bajo nivel de conocimientos, las actitudes de indiferencia y las prácticas inadecuadas, expone a las gestantes adolescentes a un alto riesgo de contraer el síndrome Preeclampsia-Eclampsia, en especial a las primigestas, por lo que se identificó la necesidad de elaborar una guía para promover el autocuidado sobre el síndrome Preeclampsia-Eclampsia.
The syndrome of preeclampsia and eclampsia is a condition that only women suffer during pregnancy therefore in order to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of pregnant adolescents who are treated in the outpatient was structured Maternity Hospital "Dr Matilde Hidalgo de Prócel" on Preeclampsia-eclampsia syndrome, selected a sample of 164 pregnant minors by a transversal, descriptive and quantitative study, obtaining as findings that 9 out of ten adolescents during pregnancy have no primary education and secondary completed , with two thirds of single mothers going through their first pregnancy and 26% of pregnant women with a family history , those with increased risk of preeclampsia - eclampsia , due to the factors of race , age, first pregnancy , low levels of education , family and to be single mothers do not have the support of the father of her son / daughter, to worsen the problem by the attitude of indifference to self-care during pregnancy, because 7 of each 10 adolescents should be motivated for other so that they attend the prenatal consultations, they are also guided by beliefs and myths, carrying out practical inadequate as it is the case of consuming eaten scraps and gassy drinks, taking a sedentary life, also self-medication before a symptom of uncertainty in their health during the gestation, in conclusion, the first floor level of knowledge, the attitudes of indifference and the inadequate practices, it exposes to the pregnant adolescent to a high risk of contracting the syndrome Preeclampsia-Eclampsia, especially to the primigestas, for what the necessity was identified of elaborating a guide to promote the autocuidado on the syndrome Preeclampsia-Eclampsia.
The syndrome of preeclampsia and eclampsia is a condition that only women suffer during pregnancy therefore in order to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of pregnant adolescents who are treated in the outpatient was structured Maternity Hospital "Dr Matilde Hidalgo de Prócel" on Preeclampsia-eclampsia syndrome, selected a sample of 164 pregnant minors by a transversal, descriptive and quantitative study, obtaining as findings that 9 out of ten adolescents during pregnancy have no primary education and secondary completed , with two thirds of single mothers going through their first pregnancy and 26% of pregnant women with a family history , those with increased risk of preeclampsia - eclampsia , due to the factors of race , age, first pregnancy , low levels of education , family and to be single mothers do not have the support of the father of her son / daughter, to worsen the problem by the attitude of indifference to self-care during pregnancy, because 7 of each 10 adolescents should be motivated for other so that they attend the prenatal consultations, they are also guided by beliefs and myths, carrying out practical inadequate as it is the case of consuming eaten scraps and gassy drinks, taking a sedentary life, also self-medication before a symptom of uncertainty in their health during the gestation, in conclusion, the first floor level of knowledge, the attitudes of indifference and the inadequate practices, it exposes to the pregnant adolescent to a high risk of contracting the syndrome Preeclampsia-Eclampsia, especially to the primigestas, for what the necessity was identified of elaborating a guide to promote the autocuidado on the syndrome Preeclampsia-Eclampsia.
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Conocimientos, actitudes y práctica en salud, Embarazo en adolescencia, Preeclampsia, Hospital Materno Infantil Dra. Matilde Hidalgo de Procel, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Eclampsia