Validación de un protocolo de manejo de problemas respiratorios en niños prematuros que acuden al Hospital Verdi Cevallos Portoviejo Ecuador
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2014
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Los problemas respiratorios son más frecuentes en los niños prematuros por la inmadurez pulmonar y por la falta de surfactante lo que conlleva a múltiples complicaciones físicas en el neonato conduciéndolo a una tasa elevada de mortalidad. Se origina por no llevar un buen control prenatal durante los meses de gestación, por la falta de conocimientos en las adolescentes y por presentar infecciones en las vías urinarias no tratadas. A través de la validación de un protocolo establecido por el Ministerio de Salud Publica se determinara la incidencia en niños prematuros con problemas respiratorios en el Hospital Verdi Cevallos Balda identificando los factores de riesgo con el desarrollo de esta patología y evaluar el manejo en Emergencia de los niños prematuros con problemas respiratorios. Sera un estudio prospectivo, descriptivo con un universo constituido por los prematuros atendidos en el área de Neonatología en el Hospital Verdi Cevallos Balda durante el periodo de Enero a Diciembre del año 2009. Se tomó en consideración las siguientes variables como: sexo, edad gestacional, tipo de parto, peso al nacer, tipo de problema respiratorio y tratamiento aplicado. El trabajo se efectuó en base a las estadísticas del Hospital Verdi Cevallos Balda. De los resultados obtenidos se concluyó que el mayor índice de mortalidad es en los recién nacidos pre término debido a que no se aplicó el correcto manejo del neonato por parte del personal porque los niños fallecieron por causas de infecciones lo que denota un descuido en la correcta asepsia del lugar como por ejemplo el lavado de manos, por lo cual se propuso la capacitación del manejo de un protocolo ya establecido por el Ministerio de Salud Publica para que sirva de ejemplo en el área de Neonatología, de esta manera trataremos de reducir la incidencia de niños prematuros que realizan problemas respiratorios en la provincia.
Respiratory problems are more common in premature infants by lung immaturity and lack of surfactant leading to multiple physical complications in the neonate leading him to a high rate of mortality. It is caused by not wearing a good prenatal care during the months of pregnancy, lack of knowledge in adolescents and for presenting urinary tract infections untreated. Through the validation of a protocol established by the Ministry of Public Health will determine the incidence in premature infants with respiratory problems in the Hospital Verdi Cevallos Balda identifying risk factors in the development of this disease and evaluate emergency management in the premature infants with respiratory problems. It will be a prospective, descriptive study with a universe consisting of premature attended in the area of neonatology at the Hospital Verdi Cevallos Balda during the period of January to December of 2009. It took into account the following variables as sex, gestational age, mode of delivery , birth weight , type of respiratory problem and treatment. The work was conducted based on statistics Verdi Cevallos Balda Hospital. From the results obtained it was concluded that the mortality rate is higher in pre-term infants because they did not apply the correct handling of the neonate by staff because children died from causes infections which denotes an oversight in the correct cleanliness of the place , such as washing hands, which was proposed management training and protocol established by the Ministry of Public Health to serve as an example in the area of Neonatology , so try to reduce the incidence of premature infants performing respiratory problems in the province .
Respiratory problems are more common in premature infants by lung immaturity and lack of surfactant leading to multiple physical complications in the neonate leading him to a high rate of mortality. It is caused by not wearing a good prenatal care during the months of pregnancy, lack of knowledge in adolescents and for presenting urinary tract infections untreated. Through the validation of a protocol established by the Ministry of Public Health will determine the incidence in premature infants with respiratory problems in the Hospital Verdi Cevallos Balda identifying risk factors in the development of this disease and evaluate emergency management in the premature infants with respiratory problems. It will be a prospective, descriptive study with a universe consisting of premature attended in the area of neonatology at the Hospital Verdi Cevallos Balda during the period of January to December of 2009. It took into account the following variables as sex, gestational age, mode of delivery , birth weight , type of respiratory problem and treatment. The work was conducted based on statistics Verdi Cevallos Balda Hospital. From the results obtained it was concluded that the mortality rate is higher in pre-term infants because they did not apply the correct handling of the neonate by staff because children died from causes infections which denotes an oversight in the correct cleanliness of the place , such as washing hands, which was proposed management training and protocol established by the Ministry of Public Health to serve as an example in the area of Neonatology , so try to reduce the incidence of premature infants performing respiratory problems in the province .
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Pediatría, Neonatos, Enfermedad de la membrana Hialina, Bronconeumonia, Problemas respiratorios, Hospital Verdi Cevallos, Cantón Portoviejo, Ecuador