Evaluación agronómica de tres materiales de pepino Cucumis sativus L. cultivados en tres distanciamiento de siembra
Fecha
2016
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
La presente investigación se realizó en la Granja Experimental Vainillo de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias de la Universidad de Guayaquil, ubicada en el cantón El Triunfo, provincia del Guayas. Los factores estudiados fueron tres materiales de pepino: Jaguar F1, Humocaro y Marketmore sembrados con diferentes distancias de siembra. Los objetivos de la investigación fueron los siguientes: 1) Evaluar el comportamiento agronómico de tres materiales de pepino en tres distancias de siembra; 2) Determinar la mejor distancia de siembra para maximizar el rendimiento de frutos por hectárea, en cada híbrido. 3) Realizar un análisis económico de los tratamientos.
Durante la investigación se utilizó el diseño de bloques completos al azar en arreglo factorial 3 x 3, dándonos un total de 9 tratamientos, con tres repeticiones. Para la comparación de medias de tratamientos se utilizó la prueba de Rango Múltiples de Duncan al 5 % de probabilidad, las variables evaluadas fueron las siguientes: Longitud de guía (cm), Diámetro del tallo (cm), Altura de planta (cm), Número de frutos por planta, Diámetro del fruto (cm), Longitud del fruto (cm), Peso del fruto (g) y Rendimiento kg/ha.
Las conclusiones que se tuvieron del presente trabajo de investigación fueron: 1) De acuerdo al comportamiento agronómico el material Jaguar F1 se comportó estadísticamente igual pero superior numéricamente a los híbridos Humocaro y Marketmore en el carácter longitud de fruto, con un valor de 26,1 cm. Las distancias de siembra influyeron significativamente
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en los caracteres: longitud, peso de los frutos, y número de frutos por planta, obteniéndose los mayores promedios con la distancia 1 m x 0,30 m (D1). El híbrido Jaguar F1 presentó el mayor rendimiento con un promedio de 67,363 kg/ha, la cual fue superior y diferente estadísticamente a Humocaro y Marketmore con rendimientos de 50,751 y 57,531 kg/ha, respectivamente; 2) La distancia de siembra 1 m x 0,30 m entre hileras y entre plantas, respectivamente, logró el mayor rendimiento de frutos con 80,667 kg/ha, superando a las densidades de 1 m x 0,60 y 1 m x 0,90 m. Conforme se aumentaban las distancias de siembra, el rendimiento de frutos disminuyó. El material Jaguar F1 sembrado con una distancia de 1 m x 0,30 m, obtuvo el mayor rendimiento con 98,717 kg/ha. 3) En el análisis económico las mejores opciones económicas fueron los tratamientos 1 (Jaguar F1 con la distancia de 1 m x 0,30 m) y 7 (Marketmore con la distancia de 1 m x 0,30 m).
This research was conducted at the Experimental Farm Vainillo of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Guayaquil, located in Canton El Triunfo, Guayas province. The factors studied were three material cucumber: Jaguar F1, Humocaro and Marketmore planted with different planting distances. The research objectives were: 1) To evaluate the agronomic performance of three materials cucumber in three planting distances; 2) To determine the best planting distance to maximize the yield of fruits per hectare, each hybrid. 3) Conduct an economic analysis of treatments. The design of a randomized complete block in factorial arrangement was used during the investigation 3 x 3, giving a total of 9 treatments, with three replicates. Test Multiple Range Duncan at 5% probability was used to compare treatment means, the evaluated variables were: length guide (cm), stem diameter (cm) Plant height (cm) number of fruits per plant, fruit diameter (cm) fruit length (cm) fruit weight (g) and Yield kg / ha. The conclusions were of this research were: 1) According to agronomic performance Jaguar F1 material behaved statistically similar but superior numerically to Humocaro and Marketmore hybrids on the length of the fruit character with a value of 26.1 cm. Planting distances significantly influenced the characters: length, fruit weight and number of fruits per plant, obtaining the highest averages with distance 1m x 0.30 m (D1). Jaguar F1 hybrid had the highest performance with an average of 67.363 56 kg / ha, which was higher and statistically different Humocaro and Marketmore with yields of 50.751 and 57.531 kg / ha, respectively; 2) The planting distance 1m x 0.30 m between rows and between plants, respectively, achieved the highest yield of fruit with 80.667 kg / ha, surpassing densities of 1 m x 0.60 m x 0.90 m. As planting distances were increased, it decreased fruit yield. Jaguar F1 seed material with a distance of 1 m x 0.30 m, obtained the highest yield with 98.717 kg / ha. 3) economic analysis economic choices were the best treatments 1 (Jaguar F1 with distance of 1 m x 0.30 m) and 7 (Marketmore with distance of 1 m x 0.30 m).
This research was conducted at the Experimental Farm Vainillo of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Guayaquil, located in Canton El Triunfo, Guayas province. The factors studied were three material cucumber: Jaguar F1, Humocaro and Marketmore planted with different planting distances. The research objectives were: 1) To evaluate the agronomic performance of three materials cucumber in three planting distances; 2) To determine the best planting distance to maximize the yield of fruits per hectare, each hybrid. 3) Conduct an economic analysis of treatments. The design of a randomized complete block in factorial arrangement was used during the investigation 3 x 3, giving a total of 9 treatments, with three replicates. Test Multiple Range Duncan at 5% probability was used to compare treatment means, the evaluated variables were: length guide (cm), stem diameter (cm) Plant height (cm) number of fruits per plant, fruit diameter (cm) fruit length (cm) fruit weight (g) and Yield kg / ha. The conclusions were of this research were: 1) According to agronomic performance Jaguar F1 material behaved statistically similar but superior numerically to Humocaro and Marketmore hybrids on the length of the fruit character with a value of 26.1 cm. Planting distances significantly influenced the characters: length, fruit weight and number of fruits per plant, obtaining the highest averages with distance 1m x 0.30 m (D1). Jaguar F1 hybrid had the highest performance with an average of 67.363 56 kg / ha, which was higher and statistically different Humocaro and Marketmore with yields of 50.751 and 57.531 kg / ha, respectively; 2) The planting distance 1m x 0.30 m between rows and between plants, respectively, achieved the highest yield of fruit with 80.667 kg / ha, surpassing densities of 1 m x 0.60 m x 0.90 m. As planting distances were increased, it decreased fruit yield. Jaguar F1 seed material with a distance of 1 m x 0.30 m, obtained the highest yield with 98.717 kg / ha. 3) economic analysis economic choices were the best treatments 1 (Jaguar F1 with distance of 1 m x 0.30 m) and 7 (Marketmore with distance of 1 m x 0.30 m).
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Palabras clave
MATERIALES DE PEPINO, DISTANCIAMIENTO DE SIEMBRA, CARACTERISTICAS DEL FRUTO, PRODUCCION