Estudio agronómico de tres híbridos con tres distanciamientos de siembra en el cultivo de maíz Zea mays L.
Fecha
2016
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El siguiente trabajo se realizó en el Km 48 vía Durán – Tambo en el Centro de Investigaciones “Vainillo” de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias de la Universidad de Guayaquil, provincia del Guayas. Las coordenadas geográficas son: 2°15ʼ15” de latitud sur y 73°38ʼ40” de longitud occidental. Los objetivos fueron: a) Evaluar el comportamiento agronómico de tres híbridos de maíz cultivadas a tres distanciamientos de siembra. b) Realizar un análisis económico de los tratamientos.
Se realizó con tres híbridos de maíz Dekald 7088 – 1596 – 7500 y con tres distancias de siembra (0.80m x .20m – 0.80m x 0.25m – 0.80m x 0.30m), cuyas combinaciones resultaron en nueve tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones, se utilizó el diseño de bloques completamente al azar (DBCA) con arreglo factorial 3 x 3. Para la comparación de las medias se utilizó la prueba de rangos múltiples de Duncan con el 5% de probabilidad. Se estudiaron en total seis variables.
Se concluye: En el comportamiento agronómico de tres híbridos de maíz cultivados a tres distanciamientos de siembra tenemos:
- El híbrido Dekalb 1596 presentó los mejores promedios en cuanto a características agronómicas.
- El híbrido Dekalb 1596 obtuvo el mayor promedio en altura de planta peso de cien semillas relación grano tusa y rendimiento en Kg. /ha.
- El híbrido Dekalb 7500 alcanzó el mayor promedio en longitud de mazorca.
- La mejor distancia de siembra se la obtuvo con la medida de 0.80 m. x 0.25 m. permitiéndonos obtener plantas de mayor vigorosidad conllevando a presentar el mejor rendimiento y la mayor producción.
- En el análisis económico de los tratamientos: El hibrido Dekalb 7088 resultó ser el más rentable con una tasa de Retorno Marginal de $ 39,52 por cada dólar invertido.
The following work was carried out at Km 48 via Duran - Tambo in the Research Center "Vainillo" belonging to the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Guayaquil, Guayas province. Geographic coordinates are 2°15'15 "south latitude and 73°38'40" western longitude. The objectives were to: a) evaluate the agronomic performance of three corn hybrids cultivated at three sowing distances. b) Conduct an economic analysis of the treatments. This study was conducted with three maize hybrids Dekald 7088 - 1596 - 7500 and three sowing distances (0.80mx .20m - 0.80mx 0.25m - 0.80mx 0.30m), whose combinations resulted in nine treatments and four replications, a completely randomized block design was used (RCBD) with factorial arrangement 3 x 3. For the comparison of the means, the Duncan's multiple ranges test was used with 5% probability. A total of six variables were studied. In conclusion we have that the agronomical performance of three maize hybrids cultivated at three planting distances were as follows: - The hybrid Dekalb 1596 presented the best averages in terms of agronomic characteristics. - The 1596 Dekalb hybrid had the highest average in terms of plant height-weight; grain- tusk and agronomical performance out of hundred seeds in kg / ha.. - The 7500 Dekalb hybrid reached the highest average in terms of corncob length. - The best outdistance sowing was attained with the measure of 0.80 m. x 0.25 m., which allow us to obtain more vigorous plants with a better performance and production. - In the economic analysis of treatments: The hybrid Dekalb 7088 was the most profitable with a marginal return rate of $ 39.52 for every dollar invested.
The following work was carried out at Km 48 via Duran - Tambo in the Research Center "Vainillo" belonging to the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Guayaquil, Guayas province. Geographic coordinates are 2°15'15 "south latitude and 73°38'40" western longitude. The objectives were to: a) evaluate the agronomic performance of three corn hybrids cultivated at three sowing distances. b) Conduct an economic analysis of the treatments. This study was conducted with three maize hybrids Dekald 7088 - 1596 - 7500 and three sowing distances (0.80mx .20m - 0.80mx 0.25m - 0.80mx 0.30m), whose combinations resulted in nine treatments and four replications, a completely randomized block design was used (RCBD) with factorial arrangement 3 x 3. For the comparison of the means, the Duncan's multiple ranges test was used with 5% probability. A total of six variables were studied. In conclusion we have that the agronomical performance of three maize hybrids cultivated at three planting distances were as follows: - The hybrid Dekalb 1596 presented the best averages in terms of agronomic characteristics. - The 1596 Dekalb hybrid had the highest average in terms of plant height-weight; grain- tusk and agronomical performance out of hundred seeds in kg / ha.. - The 7500 Dekalb hybrid reached the highest average in terms of corncob length. - The best outdistance sowing was attained with the measure of 0.80 m. x 0.25 m., which allow us to obtain more vigorous plants with a better performance and production. - In the economic analysis of treatments: The hybrid Dekalb 7088 was the most profitable with a marginal return rate of $ 39.52 for every dollar invested.
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CULTIVOS, HIBRIDO, DISTANCIAS