Efectos de la aplicación de silicio y fosfito de potacio en la variedad de arroz SFL-09 Oriza sativa L.
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2017
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
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En este proyecto de investigación, en el cual se estudió los “efectos de la aplicación de silicio y fosfito de potasio en la variedad de arroz SFL-09 (Oryza sativa. L)”, se lo realizó durante la época seca del 2016 en la Finca El Remanso, ubicada en las coordenadas geográficas: 2°16´08.3” de latitud sur y 79°37´02.1” longitud oeste, en el Recinto Buena Fe, Cantón Yaguachi, Provincia del Guayas. El objetivo general de la investigación fue, estudiar los efectos de la aplicación de Silicio y Fosfito de Potasio en la variedad de arroz SFL-09 con la finalidad de fortalecer su resistencia al ataque de insectos plagas y enfermedades.
Los factores estudiados fueron la aplicación foliar de una dosis de silicio, 0,20 L/ha y dos dosis de fosfito de potasio 0,5 y 1,0 L/ha aplicados a los 15, 30 y 45 días después del trasplante. En el cual se utilizó el diseño de bloques completamente al azar (DBCA), en arreglo factorial, con cuatro repeticiones y seis tratamientos. Cada parcela tuvo un tamaño de 35m², para la comparación de las medias, fue utilizada la prueba de Tukey al 5% de probabilidad. Todas las variables agronómicas fueron medidas al momento la cosecha, concluyendo con un análisis económico comparativo para cada uno de los tratamientos, con la finalidad de medir el beneficio del uso de estos productos, para los agricultores.
Todas las variables evaluadas, tuvieron efectos no significativos en el comportamiento agronómico del cultivo de arroz; sin embargo debido a la aplicación de silicio y fosfito de potasio, hubo un incremento en los
rendimientos en el sector del recinto Buena Fe, al comparar la forma tradicional de manejo del cultivo (testigo), en el cual se obtuvo una producción de 6100,89 kg/ha, con el tratamiento seis, que alcanzo el mayor rendimiento, al obtener 7106,23 kg/ha de peso ajustado, donde se realizaron tres aplicaciones foliares de silicio y fosfito de potasio en dosis de 0,20 y 1,0 L/ha.
Los costos de producción por hectárea del tratamiento 6 fueron los más altos en todos los tratamientos 1192,78 USD/ha, obteniendo así mismo el mayor.
In this research project in which the “effects of silicon and potassium phosphite application on rice variety SFL-09 (Oryza sativa. L)”, was carried out during the dry season of the year 2016 at “El Remanso” farm, which is located at the geographical coordinates: 2°16'08.3" latitude S 79 ° 37'02.1"W western longitude in Buena Fe enclosure, Yaguachi Canton, Guayas Province. The general objective of the research was to study the effects of Silicon and Potassium Phosphite application to the SFL-09 rice variety in order to strengthen its resistance to insects, pests and diseases. The factors under study were foliar application of a dose of silicon, 0.20 L / ha and two doses of potassium phosphite 0.5 and 1.0 L / ha applied at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplantation. The fully randomized block design (DBCA) with a factorial arrangement was used, with four replicates and six treatments. Each plot had a size of 35m², for the comparison of the means, it was used the Tukey test at 5% of probability. All the agronomic variables were measured at harvest time, concluding with a comparative economic analysis for each of the treatments, in order to measure the benefit of the use of these products,. All the variables evaluated had no significant effects on the agronomic behavior of the rice crop; however, the application of silicon and potassium phosphite increased the yields in the sector of Buena Fe by comparing the traditional management of the crop (control) in which a production of 6100,89 kg / ha was obtained with treatment six, which reached the highest yield when 7106.23 kg / ha of adjusted weight were obtained, where three foliar applications of silicon and potassium phosphite were carried out in doses of 0.20 and 1.0 L / ha. The production cost per hectare of treatment 6 was the highest of all the treatments with 1192.78 USD / ha, obtaining also the best average production with 7106.44 kg / ha of adjusted weight, this treatment presented a numerical difference of 1005 Kg, which represented $ 293,52 / ha in profits, unlike the control, because of its higher yield also reached the lowest cost of producction.
In this research project in which the “effects of silicon and potassium phosphite application on rice variety SFL-09 (Oryza sativa. L)”, was carried out during the dry season of the year 2016 at “El Remanso” farm, which is located at the geographical coordinates: 2°16'08.3" latitude S 79 ° 37'02.1"W western longitude in Buena Fe enclosure, Yaguachi Canton, Guayas Province. The general objective of the research was to study the effects of Silicon and Potassium Phosphite application to the SFL-09 rice variety in order to strengthen its resistance to insects, pests and diseases. The factors under study were foliar application of a dose of silicon, 0.20 L / ha and two doses of potassium phosphite 0.5 and 1.0 L / ha applied at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplantation. The fully randomized block design (DBCA) with a factorial arrangement was used, with four replicates and six treatments. Each plot had a size of 35m², for the comparison of the means, it was used the Tukey test at 5% of probability. All the agronomic variables were measured at harvest time, concluding with a comparative economic analysis for each of the treatments, in order to measure the benefit of the use of these products,. All the variables evaluated had no significant effects on the agronomic behavior of the rice crop; however, the application of silicon and potassium phosphite increased the yields in the sector of Buena Fe by comparing the traditional management of the crop (control) in which a production of 6100,89 kg / ha was obtained with treatment six, which reached the highest yield when 7106.23 kg / ha of adjusted weight were obtained, where three foliar applications of silicon and potassium phosphite were carried out in doses of 0.20 and 1.0 L / ha. The production cost per hectare of treatment 6 was the highest of all the treatments with 1192.78 USD / ha, obtaining also the best average production with 7106.44 kg / ha of adjusted weight, this treatment presented a numerical difference of 1005 Kg, which represented $ 293,52 / ha in profits, unlike the control, because of its higher yield also reached the lowest cost of producction.
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EFECTOS DE APLICACION FOLIAR, SILICIO, FOSFITO DE POTACIO, CULTIVO DE ARROZ