Aprovechamiento del Bagazo Industrial de café como biomasa para la sustitución parcial de combustible
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2016-10
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Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
Este estudio se desarrolló con la finalidad de adecuar el bagazo industrial de café como biomasa y producir briquetas, mejorando la aplicación de estos desechos agroindustriales como energía renovable similar a un biocombustible. Previamente, se realiza la caracterización del bagazo industrial de café. Las etapas que intervienen son el secado, molienda, tamizado y densificación, para obtener un biocombustible sólido mediante la acción de aglutinante con agua, y controlar los parámetros establecidos durante el proceso. La biomasa se somete a diferentes ensayos, entre los que se destacan poder calorífico superior (31.55 MJ/kg) y contenido de cenizas (4.86 %), luego se ejecutaron cálculos para estimar el porcentaje de sustitución parcial del bunker por biomasa, resultando un 55%. Se ejecutan pruebas de producción, con diferentes porcentajes de aglutinantes, los mejores resultados se obtienen para una composición de 10% de almidón de yuca con 90% de bagazo de café. Estas briquetas se someten a diferentes pruebas, entre las que se destacan humedad (1.13%), poder calorífico superior (29,79 MJ/kg). Finalmente se realiza una comparación con combustibles fósiles y bagazos industriales usados actualmente.
This study was developed with the purpose of adapting the industrial coffee bagasse as biomass and to produce briquettes to improve the application of these agroindustrial wastes like a renewable energy similar to a biofuel. Previously, a characterization of industrial bagasse coffee is made. The stages involved are drying, milling, screening and densification, to obtain a solid biofuel by the action of a vegetable binder gum with water, controlling the parameters established during the process. Finally, a comparison with fossil fuels and industrial bagasse used currently is performed. The biomass was subjected to different tests, highlighting the higher calorific value (31.55 MJ/kg) and ash content (4.86%), then calculations were carried out to estimate the percentage of partial substitution of the bunker by biomass, resulting in a 55%. Production tests were carried out, with different percentages of binder, the best results were obtained for a composition of 10% binder with 90% coffee bagasse. These briquettes were subjected to different tests, highlighting the humidity (1.13%) and higher calorific value (29.79 MJ/kg). Finally, a comparison with fossil fuels and industrial bagasse used currently is performed.
This study was developed with the purpose of adapting the industrial coffee bagasse as biomass and to produce briquettes to improve the application of these agroindustrial wastes like a renewable energy similar to a biofuel. Previously, a characterization of industrial bagasse coffee is made. The stages involved are drying, milling, screening and densification, to obtain a solid biofuel by the action of a vegetable binder gum with water, controlling the parameters established during the process. Finally, a comparison with fossil fuels and industrial bagasse used currently is performed. The biomass was subjected to different tests, highlighting the higher calorific value (31.55 MJ/kg) and ash content (4.86%), then calculations were carried out to estimate the percentage of partial substitution of the bunker by biomass, resulting in a 55%. Production tests were carried out, with different percentages of binder, the best results were obtained for a composition of 10% binder with 90% coffee bagasse. These briquettes were subjected to different tests, highlighting the humidity (1.13%) and higher calorific value (29.79 MJ/kg). Finally, a comparison with fossil fuels and industrial bagasse used currently is performed.
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Bagazo Industrial de café, Biocombustibles sólidos, Densificación