Validación de cinco genotipos de lechuga Lactusa sativa L. cultivados en dos sistemas de producción hidropónica
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Fecha
2016
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
La investigación fue realizada en la comunidad Las Jaguas, ubicado
geográficamente en el cantón Rocafuerte de la Provincia de Manabí, a
0°55”6’de latitud sur y 80°26”10’ de longitud oeste y como objetivo general
comprobar el comportamiento agronómico de cinco genotipo de lechuga
(Lactuca sativa L), cultivados en dos sistemas de producción hidropónico y
objetivos específicos establecer el mejor sistema de producción hidropónica
en lechuga, determinar si las plantas de lechuga con la ayuda de cuatro
descriptores cuantitativos permiten la selección del mejor tratamiento y
realizar un análisis económico de los tratamientos estudiados. Utilizando los
sistemas de hidroponía NFT y raíz flotante con las variedades de lechuga
Saliron, Blasilliana, Green Salad Bowi, Endive Green curled ruffec y Gread
likes, empleando un diseño de Bloques al Azar con Arreglo Factorial (2x5),
con tres repeticiones un total de 30 tratamientos. Donde los resultados
mostraron que el sistema de hidroponía de raíz flotante fue superior en todas
las variables agronómicas y de rendimiento analizadas. Ocasionando la
mayor altura de planta con 15,87 cm; así mismo 11,82 hojas de plantas y
21,94 cm de hojas anchas y 17,30 cm de longitud de hoja. Con respecto al
peso de raíz se estableció 31,76 gramos de peso, lo cual derivó en un
rendimiento de 1.997,71 kg de peso de pella por hectárea en comparación
con la tecnología NFT que produjo el menor valor en todas las variables
analizadas. Así mismo en la parte económica este sistema de raíz flotante
con la variedad Greads likes registró el mayor beneficio neto con US 1.428
dólares y un costo variable de US de 52,00 dólares, que equivalió a 2.780%
que superó a la Tasa Mínima de Retorno Marginal esperada que es del 100%.
The research was carried out in the Las Jaguas community, located geographically in the Rocafuerte canton of the Province of Manabí, at 0 ° 55 '6' south latitude and 80 ° 26 "10 'west longitude and as a general objective to verify the agronomic behavior Of five genotype lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivated in two hydroponic production systems and specific objectives establish the best hydroponic production system in lettuce, determine if lettuce plants with the help of four quantitative descriptors allow the selection of the best treatment And perform an economic analysis of the treatments studied. Using the NFT and floating root hydroponics systems with Saliron lettuce, Blasilliana, Green Salad Bowi, Endive Green curled ruffec and Gread likes, using a Randomized Blocks with Factorial Arrangement (2x5), with three replications a total of 30 treatments. Where the results showed that the hydroponics system of floating root was superior in all agronomic and performance variables analyzed. Causing the highest plant height with 15.87 cm; As well as 11.82 leaves of plants and 21.94 cm of wide leaves and 17,30 cm of leaf length. With respect to root weight, 31.76 grams of weight was established, which resulted in a yield of 1,997.71 kg of pellet weight per hectare compared to the NFT technology that produced the lowest value in all variables analyzed. Also in the economic part this system of floating root with the variety Greads likes registered the greater net benefit with US $ 1,428 and a variable cost of US of 52, 00 dollars that was equivalent to 2.780% that exceeded the Minimum Rate of Return Marginal expected is 100%.
The research was carried out in the Las Jaguas community, located geographically in the Rocafuerte canton of the Province of Manabí, at 0 ° 55 '6' south latitude and 80 ° 26 "10 'west longitude and as a general objective to verify the agronomic behavior Of five genotype lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivated in two hydroponic production systems and specific objectives establish the best hydroponic production system in lettuce, determine if lettuce plants with the help of four quantitative descriptors allow the selection of the best treatment And perform an economic analysis of the treatments studied. Using the NFT and floating root hydroponics systems with Saliron lettuce, Blasilliana, Green Salad Bowi, Endive Green curled ruffec and Gread likes, using a Randomized Blocks with Factorial Arrangement (2x5), with three replications a total of 30 treatments. Where the results showed that the hydroponics system of floating root was superior in all agronomic and performance variables analyzed. Causing the highest plant height with 15.87 cm; As well as 11.82 leaves of plants and 21.94 cm of wide leaves and 17,30 cm of leaf length. With respect to root weight, 31.76 grams of weight was established, which resulted in a yield of 1,997.71 kg of pellet weight per hectare compared to the NFT technology that produced the lowest value in all variables analyzed. Also in the economic part this system of floating root with the variety Greads likes registered the greater net benefit with US $ 1,428 and a variable cost of US of 52, 00 dollars that was equivalent to 2.780% that exceeded the Minimum Rate of Return Marginal expected is 100%.
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RENDIMIENTO, COMPORTAMIENTO AGRONOMICO, ANALISIS ECONOMICO