Análisis de conducta sobre la recolección de basura en la ciudad con la propuesta de un segmento, en el programa de televisión la noticia en la comunidad que se enfoque en la comunidad
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2012-06
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Comunicación Social
Resumen
El presente informe analiza los mecanismos de fortalecimiento de las capacidades de los actores locales relevantes con el objetivo de proponer lineamientos para la formulación de una estrategia comunicacional de asistencia técnica en el fortalecimiento de capacidades locales para un manejo integral y eficiente de los desechos y residuos sólidos en Ciudad Guayaquil, perteneciente a la Provincia del Guayas. El análisis realizado se basa en conceptos desarrollados por diversos actores enfocados en la realidad de ciudades de otros países latinoamericanos donde la planificación urbanística y vial ha permitido un desajuste ambiental y estético en cuanto al mal manejo de los desechos y residuos sólidos. Es por cuanto, que para el manejo integral y eficiente de los desechos y residuos sólidos es imprescindible involucrar una amplia gama de actores locales: Gobierno y administración local Pobladores, líderes y organizaciones comunitarias, Representantes locales de diferentes sectores, tanto de la administración pública (p.ej. salud, educación, transporte, medio ambiente, obras públicas), como del sector privado (institutos técnicos y educativos, empresas, organizaciones no gubernamentales, medios de comunicación, etc.)
A pesar de grandes diferencias en cuanto a las capacidades que requieren los actores locales para el manejo integral de los desechos y residuos sólidos en la Ciudad de Guayaquil, se requiere fortalecer capacidades en un: Mayor conocimiento y toma de conciencia sobre los procesos generadores para el fomento de una actitud responsable y de autorresponsabilidad ciudadana de todos los actores locales. Mejorar la capacidad de los actores para incorporar el manejo de los desechos y residuos sólidos en sus actividades cotidianas. Análisis, identificación e implementación de medidas prioritarias de manejo para la reducción y/o minimización de los desechos y residuos sólidos en la Ciudad de Guayaquil, donde en el cual existe una generación diaria cercana a los 2100 Ton. Para ello se podría requerir del apoyo de otros actores. Esto también incluye la generación y el manejo de información y de recursos financieros. La creación y cumplimiento de normativas municipales y locales, Integración adecuada del enfoque de manejo de los desechos y residuos sólidos en los procesos de desarrollo (p.ej. planificación municipal, ordenamiento territorial, adaptación comunitaria a las condiciones de integración del tema como eje transversal en las políticas sectoriales). Los métodos de asistencia técnica identificados en este estudio, se orientan al fortalecimiento de las capacidades locales como son: educación ambiental; cursos y talleres de capacitación incluyendo la elaboración del material didáctico; o en procesos (p.ej. en la organización comunitaria); campañas de sensibilización; intercambio de información, instrumentos y experiencias; promoción de medidas individuales, así como el involucramiento activo de los actores en actividades y procesos asociados (recolección, transporte y disposición final en el vertedero) y adecuación técnica-ambiental del vertedero municipal de la ciudad.
The present report analyzes the mechanisms of strength in the capacities of the excellent local actors with the aim of proposing for the formulation of a strategy of technical attendance in the fortification of local capacities for an integral and efficient handling of the solid waste in Guayaquil City, Guayas Province. The analysis realized is based on concepts developed by diverse focused actors in the reality of cities where the city-planning and road planning has allowed to an environmental and aesthetic misalignment as far as the evil solid residues and waste handling in Guayaquil City, Ecuador. It is inasmuch as, that stops the integral handling and efficient of the solid waste and residues it is essential to involve an ample range of local actors: Settler government and local administration, leaders and communitarian organizations, the Representing premises of different sectors, as much of the public administration (p.ej health, education, transport, environment, public works, like of the private sector (technical and educative institutes, non-governmental companies, organizations, mass media, etc.). In spite of great differences as far as the capacities that require the local actors for the integral handling of the remainders and solid residues in Guayaquil City, Guayas Province are required to fortify capacities in: Greater knowledge and taking of bring back to consciousness on the generating processes for the promotion of an attitude responsible and citizen autorresponsability of all the local actors. To improve the capacity of the actors to incorporate the solid residues and waste handling in its daily activities. Analysis, identification and implementation of high-priority measures of handling for the reduction and/or minimization of the waste and solid residues in Guayaquil City, where in which ton exists the 1500 a daily generation near. For it would be possible to be required of the support of other actors. This also includes the generation and the handling of information and financial resources. The creation and fulfillment of municipal and local norms, Integration adapted of the approach of waste handling and solid residues in the development processes (p.ej municipal planning, territorial ordering, and communitarian adaptation to the conditions of integration of the subject like transversal axis in the sectorial policies). The identified methods of technical attendance in this study, eg: orient to the strength of the local capacities environmental education; courses and factories of qualification including the elaboration of the didactic material; or in processes (p.ej in the communitarian organization); sensibilization campaigns; exchange of information, instruments and experiences; promotion of individual measures, as well as the active involvement of the actors in activities and associate processes (harvesting, transport and final disposition in the garbage dump) and technique-environmental adjustment of the municipal garbage dump of the city.
The present report analyzes the mechanisms of strength in the capacities of the excellent local actors with the aim of proposing for the formulation of a strategy of technical attendance in the fortification of local capacities for an integral and efficient handling of the solid waste in Guayaquil City, Guayas Province. The analysis realized is based on concepts developed by diverse focused actors in the reality of cities where the city-planning and road planning has allowed to an environmental and aesthetic misalignment as far as the evil solid residues and waste handling in Guayaquil City, Ecuador. It is inasmuch as, that stops the integral handling and efficient of the solid waste and residues it is essential to involve an ample range of local actors: Settler government and local administration, leaders and communitarian organizations, the Representing premises of different sectors, as much of the public administration (p.ej health, education, transport, environment, public works, like of the private sector (technical and educative institutes, non-governmental companies, organizations, mass media, etc.). In spite of great differences as far as the capacities that require the local actors for the integral handling of the remainders and solid residues in Guayaquil City, Guayas Province are required to fortify capacities in: Greater knowledge and taking of bring back to consciousness on the generating processes for the promotion of an attitude responsible and citizen autorresponsability of all the local actors. To improve the capacity of the actors to incorporate the solid residues and waste handling in its daily activities. Analysis, identification and implementation of high-priority measures of handling for the reduction and/or minimization of the waste and solid residues in Guayaquil City, where in which ton exists the 1500 a daily generation near. For it would be possible to be required of the support of other actors. This also includes the generation and the handling of information and financial resources. The creation and fulfillment of municipal and local norms, Integration adapted of the approach of waste handling and solid residues in the development processes (p.ej municipal planning, territorial ordering, and communitarian adaptation to the conditions of integration of the subject like transversal axis in the sectorial policies). The identified methods of technical attendance in this study, eg: orient to the strength of the local capacities environmental education; courses and factories of qualification including the elaboration of the didactic material; or in processes (p.ej in the communitarian organization); sensibilization campaigns; exchange of information, instruments and experiences; promotion of individual measures, as well as the active involvement of the actors in activities and associate processes (harvesting, transport and final disposition in the garbage dump) and technique-environmental adjustment of the municipal garbage dump of the city.
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Palabras clave
DESECHOS Y RESIDUOS SOLIDOS, MANEJO INTEGRAL, VERTEDERO MUNICIPAL, CIUDAD DE GUAYAQUIL, COMUNIDADES