Efecto de la aplicación de silicio y fertilización sobre el comportamiento agronómico del cultivo de maíz Zea mays L.
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2018-04
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
En los últimos años en el Ecuador se viene presentando una serie de problemas
fitosanitarios en el cultivo de maíz lo que ha ocasionado una baja productividad y
como consecuencia una reducción de la rentabilidad a los agricultores maiceros.
La corporación de maiceros del Ecuador cree que, de las 230 mil hectáreas
sembradas a nivel nacional, 100 mil estarían afectadas por plagas. Entre los
principales insectos están el gusano ejército, gusano cogollero y gusano de la
mazorca. Se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación de Silicio y fertilización sobre el
comportamiento agronómico del cultivo de maíz en la parroquia La Cuca, en la
zona de Arenillas provincia de El Oro. De acuerdo a los resultados se obtuvo las
siguientes conclusiones: La fertilización de Nitrofoska mas urea sin Silicio alcanzó
el mayor rendimiento con un promedio de 9203 kg/ha. La mayor tasa de retorno
marginal la alcanzó la fertilización de Nitrofoska con 4029.84 % por lo cual es
rentable su uso en el maíz.
In recent years in Ecuador a series of phytosanitary problems have arisen in corn cultivation, which has caused low productivity as a consequence of a decrease in the profitability for maize farmers. The corporation of “maiceros” of Ecuador believe that, out of 230 thousand hectares planted nationwide, 100 thousand could be affected by pests. Among the main insects we have: the army worm, armyworm and corn worm.The effect of the application of Silicon and fertilization on the agronomic behavior of the corn crop in the parish “La Cuca”, in Arenillas, El Oro province, has been evaluated. According to the results, the following conclusions were obtained: Nitrofoska fertilization more urea without Silicon reached the highest yield with an average of 9203 kg/ha. The highest marginal rate of return was reached by Nitrofoska fertilization with 4029.84%, which is the reason why its use in corn is profitable.
In recent years in Ecuador a series of phytosanitary problems have arisen in corn cultivation, which has caused low productivity as a consequence of a decrease in the profitability for maize farmers. The corporation of “maiceros” of Ecuador believe that, out of 230 thousand hectares planted nationwide, 100 thousand could be affected by pests. Among the main insects we have: the army worm, armyworm and corn worm.The effect of the application of Silicon and fertilization on the agronomic behavior of the corn crop in the parish “La Cuca”, in Arenillas, El Oro province, has been evaluated. According to the results, the following conclusions were obtained: Nitrofoska fertilization more urea without Silicon reached the highest yield with an average of 9203 kg/ha. The highest marginal rate of return was reached by Nitrofoska fertilization with 4029.84%, which is the reason why its use in corn is profitable.
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FERTILIZACION, SILICIO, RENDIMIENTO