Causas obstétricas de dolor abdominal en mujeres embarazadas
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
La gran parte de las complicaciones del embarazo son prevenibles teniendo en cuanta que el dolor abdominal puede estar presenta en algunas de ellas como por ejemplo el aborto, el embarazo ectópico, el parto pretérmino, el desprendimiento prematuro de placenta, todas ellas prevenibles incluso desde antes de la concepción (1)(2). Los métodos diagnósticos con mayor especificidad para la determinación de origen del dolor abdominal en un paciente obstétrico es la ecografía que nos ayudara a reducir nuestro diagnóstico diferencial, este estudio fue realizado en el Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil tomando como periodo desde enero del 2017 a diciembre del 2017 mediante un estudio retrospectivo de corte transversal, no experimental de observación indirecta. Los objetivos fueron determinar las causas obstétricas de dolor abdominal. Identificar la causa de dolor abdominal según trimestre de gestación. Determinar el método diagnostico usado con mayor frecuencia para el dolor abdominal. Las conclusiones de este estudio fueron que el 57% de las causas de dolor abdominal de origen obstétrico fue el parto seguido del aborto, por ende, el tercer trimestre de embarazo con 58% donde mas casos de dolor abdominal se presentaron seguido del segundo trimestre. Por último, la ecografía debe ser la herramienta diagnostica mas utilizada para realizar diagnóstico diferencial del dolor abdominal.
Palabras clave: dolor abdominal, ecografía.
XIII
Most of the complications of pregnancy are preventable taking into account that abdominal pain may be present in some of them, such as abortion, ectopic pregnancy, preterm delivery, placental abruption, all of which are preventable even before of conception. The diagnostic methods with greater specificity for the determination of origin of abdominal pain in an obstetric patient is the ultrasound that will help us reduce our differential diagnosis, this study will be carried out in the University Hospital of Guayaquil taking as period from January 2017 to December 2017 through a retrospective cross-sectional, non-experimental indirect observation study. The objectives are to determine the obstetric causes of abdominal pain. Identify the cause of abdominal pain according to the trimester of pregnancy. Determine the most commonly used diagnostic method for abdominal pain. The conclusions of this study was that 57% of the causes of abdominal pain of obstetric origin was delivery followed by abortion, therefore, the third trimester of pregnancy with 58% where more cases of abdominal pain were present followed by the second trimester. Finally, ultrasound should be the diagnostic tool most used to perform differential diagnosis of abdominal pain.
Most of the complications of pregnancy are preventable taking into account that abdominal pain may be present in some of them, such as abortion, ectopic pregnancy, preterm delivery, placental abruption, all of which are preventable even before of conception. The diagnostic methods with greater specificity for the determination of origin of abdominal pain in an obstetric patient is the ultrasound that will help us reduce our differential diagnosis, this study will be carried out in the University Hospital of Guayaquil taking as period from January 2017 to December 2017 through a retrospective cross-sectional, non-experimental indirect observation study. The objectives are to determine the obstetric causes of abdominal pain. Identify the cause of abdominal pain according to the trimester of pregnancy. Determine the most commonly used diagnostic method for abdominal pain. The conclusions of this study was that 57% of the causes of abdominal pain of obstetric origin was delivery followed by abortion, therefore, the third trimester of pregnancy with 58% where more cases of abdominal pain were present followed by the second trimester. Finally, ultrasound should be the diagnostic tool most used to perform differential diagnosis of abdominal pain.
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Dolor abdominal, Mujeres embarazadas, Complicaciones del embarazo, Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Causalidad