Complicaciones postquirúrgicas por litotripsia intracorpórea en litiasis ureteral inferior en el Hospital Luis Vernaza entre 2014-2015
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La litiasis ureteral es la presencia de cálculos de diferentes composiciones químicas, formas y tamaños en el conducto del uréter, desde la unión pielo-ureteral hasta la unión ureterovesical.
Hasta la década del 80, del siglo pasado, el tratamiento fundamental de la litiasis urinaria era la cirugía abierta. A partir del continuo desarrollo tecnológico y su aplicación a las diferentes ramas de la medicina se desarrollan la litotricia extracorpórea, los procedimientos endourológicos y más recientemente la cirugía laparoscópica.
Las técnicas de mínima invasión están siendo empleadas con mayor frecuencia para el tratamiento de los cálculos debido a sus menores complicaciones, reintegro laboral más rápido.
Objetivo: Determinar las complicaciones posquirúrgicas por litotripsia intracorporea en litiasis ureteral inferior en el Hospital Luis Vernaza en el periodo 2014 - 2015.
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Materiales y métodos: Tipo de investigación, descriptiva, cuantitativa, observacional, retrospectiva. Técnica de recolección de datos por medio de historias clínicas.
Resultados: Los pacientes estudiados fueron 62% de sexo femenino, la ubicación más frecuente fue uréter Inferior izquierdo, 84 pacientes (84%) no presentaron ninguna complicación, 16% presentaron complicaciones. La más frecuente fue litiasis residual en el 6%, seguido por hallazgo transoperatorio de piuria.
Conclusión: La ureteroscopia se está imponiendo como Gold estándar en nuestro país. La tecnología más utilizada para fragmentar el cálculo es la litotricia endoscópica neumática, seguida por el láser.
Ureteral lithiasis is the presence of calculi of different chemical compositions, shapes and sizes in the ureter duct, from the pyeloureteral junction to the ureterovesical junction. Until the 1980s, the fundamental treatment of urinary lithiasis was through open surgery. From the continuous technological development and its application to the different branches of medicine, extracorporeal lithotripsy, endourological procedures and, more recently, laparoscopic surgery were developed. Minimally invasive techniques are being used more frequently for the treatment of calculi due to its lower complications and faster work reimbursement. Objective: To determine postoperative complications by intracorporeal lithotripsy in inferior ureteral lithiasis at the Luis Vernaza Hospital from 2014-2015. XVII Materials and methods: Type of research, descriptive, quantitative, observational, retrospective. Technique of data collection by means of clinical histories. RESULTS: The patients studied were 62% female, the most frequent location was left lower ureter, 84% of the patients had no complications, and 16% had complications. The most frequent was residual lithiasis in 6%, followed by transoperative finding of pyuria. Conclusion: The gold standard imposed in our country is ureteroscopy. The most used technology to fragment the calculation is pneumatic endoscopic lithotripsy, followed by the laser.
Ureteral lithiasis is the presence of calculi of different chemical compositions, shapes and sizes in the ureter duct, from the pyeloureteral junction to the ureterovesical junction. Until the 1980s, the fundamental treatment of urinary lithiasis was through open surgery. From the continuous technological development and its application to the different branches of medicine, extracorporeal lithotripsy, endourological procedures and, more recently, laparoscopic surgery were developed. Minimally invasive techniques are being used more frequently for the treatment of calculi due to its lower complications and faster work reimbursement. Objective: To determine postoperative complications by intracorporeal lithotripsy in inferior ureteral lithiasis at the Luis Vernaza Hospital from 2014-2015. XVII Materials and methods: Type of research, descriptive, quantitative, observational, retrospective. Technique of data collection by means of clinical histories. RESULTS: The patients studied were 62% female, the most frequent location was left lower ureter, 84% of the patients had no complications, and 16% had complications. The most frequent was residual lithiasis in 6%, followed by transoperative finding of pyuria. Conclusion: The gold standard imposed in our country is ureteroscopy. The most used technology to fragment the calculation is pneumatic endoscopic lithotripsy, followed by the laser.
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ENDOSCOPIA, LITOTRICIA, URETEROLITIASIS, COMPLICACIONES POSOPERATORIAS, HOSPITAL LUIS VERNAZA, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR