Análisis de la mordida cruzada posterior: Tratamiento
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2013-06-21
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El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como importancia en su análisis en que aquella anomalía puede tener un componente esquelético, dental o una mezcla de ambos, sin embargos son fáciles de tratar, siempre y cuando, sean interceptadas en edades tempranas, evitando llegar a un tratamiento quirúrgico; por lo tanto la importancia en el tratamiento precoz se debe a que en los niños puede producir una desviación en el correcto crecimiento y desarrollo facial, aumentando la probabilidad de futuros problemas esqueléticos, dentoalveolares, musculares, funcionales y articulares, con la consecuente asimetría facial y estética; es por ello que ha de realizarse un correcto diagnóstico y un tratamiento lo más precoz posible, es decir, tan pronto como se detecta. La situación problémica que motiva la realización de la investigación son los factores etiológicos inciden en una mordida cruzada posterior. La actualidad del tema se toma en consideración que debemos estudiarla porque son alteraciones de oclusión sobre el plano transversal que afectan ambos lados o a un lado de la boca, y es posible que este desplazamiento tenga efectos a largo plazo sobre el crecimiento de los dientes y las mandíbulas. Novedad científica del tema se basa en la sugerencia de que un aparato de ortodoncia fijo (Quad - hélix) es el método preferido de expansión de los dientes superiores en mordidas cruzadas posteriores. El propósito de la justificación de esta investigación es importante, ya que el conocimiento adquirido del profesional odontólogo frente a un paciente que presenta esta maloclusión, pueda analizar un diagnóstico para obtener a un tratamiento apropiado.
Los métodos que se emplean en este trabajo de investigación son: bibliográficos, descriptivos, cualitativos, cuantitativos y cuasi-experimental.
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Su objetivo general es determinar la etiología de la mordida cruzada posterior para obtener un análisis y elaborar un tratamiento para dicha anomalía.
La hipótesis se plantea de la siguiente manera: conociendo los factores etiológicos, el análisis de las mordidas cruzadas posteriores, determinará el tratamiento que de mejor resultado para corregir dicha anomalía.
El universo de esta investigación son 2 pacientes de la Clínica de Post-grado de Ortodoncia de la Facultad Piloto de Odontología, Universidad de Guayaquil.
La muestra está constituida por 2 pacientes: el primero de 17 años y el segundo de 23 años, ambos presentan signos clínicos más relevantes de mordida cruzada posterior, acompañados de otras anomalías como apiñamiento en zona anterior, mordida bis a bis y asimetría facial; el primer paciente presenta relación molar, clase II en lado derecho e izquierdo y el segundo paciente presenta relación molar, clase III en lado derecho e izquierdo.
Ambos pacientes están en tratamiento con aparatología fija con elementos adheridos a los dientes (bandas y brackets) a los que se ancla firmemente unos finos y gruesos arcos elásticos de aleación metálica (níquel-titanio) mediante un conjunto de ligaduras; no se observan tipos de aparatología que se detallan en la investigación bibliográfica; sin embargo en estos dos pacientes se han observado leves cambios en dicho proceso de tratamiento.
The present research has as important in its analysis that this anomaly may have a skeletal, dental component or a mixture of both, without attachments are easy to treat as long as they are they intercepted at early ages , avoiding reaching treatment surgical , so important in the early treatment is that in children can cause a deviation in the correct facial growth and development , increasing the likelihood of future skeletal , dentoalveolar , muscle , and joint functional problems , with consequent asymmetry and facial aesthetics , which is why a correct diagnosis and treatment as early as possible, ie as soon as detected be performed. The problem situation motivates the conduct of the investigation are the etiological factors influence a posterior crossbite . Today the topic is taken into consideration because we are studying changes in the vertical plane occlusion affecting both sides or one side of the mouth, and this shift may have long term effects on the growth of teeth and jaws. Scientific novelty of the subject is based on the suggestion that a fixed orthodontic appliance (Quad - helix ) is the preferred expansion of the maxillary teeth in posterior crossbites method. The purpose of justification of this research is important because the knowledge gained professional dentist before a patient with this malocclusion, can analyze a diagnosis for an appropriate treatment. The methods used in this research are: bibliographic, descriptive , qualitative, quantitative and quasi - experimental. 2 Its overall objective is to determine the etiology of posterior cross bite for a discussion and develop a treatment for this anomaly . The hypothesis is proposed as follows : knowing the etiological factors , the analysis of posterior cross-bites , determine the best treatment result to correct this anomaly . The universe of this research are 2 patients of the Clinic Postgraduate Pilot of Orthodontics , Faculty of Dentistry , University of Guayaquil. The sample consists of 2 patients : the first 17 and second 23, both have relevant clinical signs of posterior cross bite , accompanied by other abnormalities such as crowding in anterior , bite bis aa and facial asymmetry , the first patient has molar ratio , class II in right and left side and the second patient has molar ratio , class III in right and left side. Both patients undergoing treatment with fixed appliances attached to the teeth ( band and bracket ) to which a thin and thick elastic metal alloy arcs ( nickel-titanium ) by a set of ties is securely anchor elements ; types not observed appliance as detailed in the literature review , but in these two patients slight changes were observed in the process of treatment.
The present research has as important in its analysis that this anomaly may have a skeletal, dental component or a mixture of both, without attachments are easy to treat as long as they are they intercepted at early ages , avoiding reaching treatment surgical , so important in the early treatment is that in children can cause a deviation in the correct facial growth and development , increasing the likelihood of future skeletal , dentoalveolar , muscle , and joint functional problems , with consequent asymmetry and facial aesthetics , which is why a correct diagnosis and treatment as early as possible, ie as soon as detected be performed. The problem situation motivates the conduct of the investigation are the etiological factors influence a posterior crossbite . Today the topic is taken into consideration because we are studying changes in the vertical plane occlusion affecting both sides or one side of the mouth, and this shift may have long term effects on the growth of teeth and jaws. Scientific novelty of the subject is based on the suggestion that a fixed orthodontic appliance (Quad - helix ) is the preferred expansion of the maxillary teeth in posterior crossbites method. The purpose of justification of this research is important because the knowledge gained professional dentist before a patient with this malocclusion, can analyze a diagnosis for an appropriate treatment. The methods used in this research are: bibliographic, descriptive , qualitative, quantitative and quasi - experimental. 2 Its overall objective is to determine the etiology of posterior cross bite for a discussion and develop a treatment for this anomaly . The hypothesis is proposed as follows : knowing the etiological factors , the analysis of posterior cross-bites , determine the best treatment result to correct this anomaly . The universe of this research are 2 patients of the Clinic Postgraduate Pilot of Orthodontics , Faculty of Dentistry , University of Guayaquil. The sample consists of 2 patients : the first 17 and second 23, both have relevant clinical signs of posterior cross bite , accompanied by other abnormalities such as crowding in anterior , bite bis aa and facial asymmetry , the first patient has molar ratio , class II in right and left side and the second patient has molar ratio , class III in right and left side. Both patients undergoing treatment with fixed appliances attached to the teeth ( band and bracket ) to which a thin and thick elastic metal alloy arcs ( nickel-titanium ) by a set of ties is securely anchor elements ; types not observed appliance as detailed in the literature review , but in these two patients slight changes were observed in the process of treatment.
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ORTODONCIA, MORDIDA CRUZADA