Estudio de factibilidad para la elaboración de harina de algarrobo para su utilización en la alimentación humana en la ciudad de Machala
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2013
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
La producción y consumo en el Ecuador de productos como harina de trigo, harina de plátano, entre otras tienen gran aceptación en el mercado, algunas de ellas como es el caso de la harina de trigo es importada de países como Argentina. Existen otras variedades de harina como es el caso de la harina de plátano, la misma que tiene una marcada aceptación en el mercado. La semilla de algarrobo puede constituirse en un recurso de importancia, si tomamos en cuenta sus características nutricionales podemos darnos cuenta que uno de sus principales nutrientes lo constituye la proteína, muy importante para la salud humana. Los objetivos planteados fueron: 1. Elaborar un proyecto de factibilidad para la producción y comercialización de harina de algarrobo, realizando un estudio de mercado, organizacional y financiero; 2. Determinar la factibilidad del proyecto mediante el estudio y segmentación del mercado, identificando a los demandantes, oferentes y la demanda insatisfecha; 3. Establecer los requerimientos técnicos, costos de producción, administración y ventas, inversión e ingresos que requiere el proyecto para la puesta en marcha; 4. Evaluar financieramente el proyecto mediante el valor actual neto (VAN), tasa interna de retorno (TIR), periodo de recuperación, relación beneficio costo, punto de equilibrio; 5. Determinar la factibilidad desde el punto de vista ambiental y social, necesario para la toma de decisiones. El tipo de investigación realizado es una investigación de campo, de intervención social, es también una investigación de tipo bibliográfica. Después de analizar los costos, las inversiones que tienen un monto de $ 182910,70 para el inicio de las operaciones, gastos de personal, ingresos y egresos, se pudo obtener un precio inicial de $ 0,61 por kilo de harina, se pretende suplir el 6 % de la demanda insatisfecha. El análisis financiero de la empresa arroja una tasa interna de retorno del proyecto de 210 % y el valor presente neto equivale a 225252,79 lo que significa que el proyecto proporcionará esta cantidad en excedentes además de lo exigido por los inversionistas para la recuperación de su inversión. Se recomienda llevar a cabo el proyecto para un tiempo de cinco años.
The production and consumption on the part of the Ecuadorian population of products like wheat flour, banana flour, among another type of flours has a great acceptance in the market, however some of them like it is the case of the wheat flour it is cared of some neighboring countries as Argentina, besides the wheat flour other varieties of flour exist like it is the case of the banana flour, the same one that has a marked acceptance in the market. The locust seed can be constituted in a resource of importance, if we take into account its nutritional characteristics we can realize that nutritious one of its main ones constitutes it the protein, the same one that today in day is difficult to get at low cost. The industrialization of this seed could compete with other sources of protein of the market dedicated to the human feeding, such as the wheat flour and the soya. For the project they thought about the following objectives: 1. to elaborate a project of feasibility for the production and commercialization of locust flour, carrying out a market study, organizational and financial; 2. to determine the feasibility of the project by means of the study and segmentation of the market, identifying to the plaintiffs, offerers and the unsatisfied demand; 3. to establish the technical requirements, production costs, administration and sales, investment and revenues that it requires the project for the setting in march; 4. to evaluate the project financially by means of the net current value (they GO), it appraises it interns of return (TIR), period of recovery, relationship benefits cost, balance point; 5. to determine the feasibility from the environmental and social point of view, necessary for the taking of decisions. The carried out investigation type is a field investigation, of social intervention, it is also a bibliographical type investigation. After analyzing the costs, the investments that initially have an I mount of $ investors for the recovery of its investment. After having carried out the project it is recommended to carry out the project for a five year-old time.
The production and consumption on the part of the Ecuadorian population of products like wheat flour, banana flour, among another type of flours has a great acceptance in the market, however some of them like it is the case of the wheat flour it is cared of some neighboring countries as Argentina, besides the wheat flour other varieties of flour exist like it is the case of the banana flour, the same one that has a marked acceptance in the market. The locust seed can be constituted in a resource of importance, if we take into account its nutritional characteristics we can realize that nutritious one of its main ones constitutes it the protein, the same one that today in day is difficult to get at low cost. The industrialization of this seed could compete with other sources of protein of the market dedicated to the human feeding, such as the wheat flour and the soya. For the project they thought about the following objectives: 1. to elaborate a project of feasibility for the production and commercialization of locust flour, carrying out a market study, organizational and financial; 2. to determine the feasibility of the project by means of the study and segmentation of the market, identifying to the plaintiffs, offerers and the unsatisfied demand; 3. to establish the technical requirements, production costs, administration and sales, investment and revenues that it requires the project for the setting in march; 4. to evaluate the project financially by means of the net current value (they GO), it appraises it interns of return (TIR), period of recovery, relationship benefits cost, balance point; 5. to determine the feasibility from the environmental and social point of view, necessary for the taking of decisions. The carried out investigation type is a field investigation, of social intervention, it is also a bibliographical type investigation. After analyzing the costs, the investments that initially have an I mount of $ investors for the recovery of its investment. After having carried out the project it is recommended to carry out the project for a five year-old time.
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AGRICULTURA, PRODUCCION AGRICOLA, PRODUCCION ALIMENTARIA