La disfagia bucofaríngea en pacientes con apoplejía isquémica
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
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La propuesta es diseñar un protocolo de disfagia bucofaríngea en pacientes con apoplejía isquémica. La población de pacientes que padecen disfagia va en aumento mundialmente debido a los diferentes factores entre ellos la apoplejía isquémica, el cual es un trastorno poco estudiado, en Ecuador no existen estudios sobre la disfagia en pacientes en edad productiva. La deglución es un proceso neuromuscular de la cavidad bucofaríngea, cuyo objetivo es pasar el bolo alimenticio desde la boca hasta el estómago. En este proceso se distinguen tres fases en la deglución: la fase oral, la faríngea y la esofágica. Cualquier tipo de alteración en una de las fases de la deglución causa la disfagia o dificultad para deglutir saliva y alimentos que pueden llevar al paciente a desnutrición, deshidratación y neumonía por aspiración. Se realizó un estudio de campo, descriptivo y no experimental. Se aplicó el test de Evaluación de la deglución “GUSS”. La recolección de información se tomó de encuestas realizadas a especialistas en deglución; donde la mayoría coincidió en que era necesaria la implementación de un protocolo de intervención para este tipo de pacientes. Esta investigación fue realizada con fines netamente científicos y académicos
The proposal is to design an protocol for patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia due to an ischemic stroke. The population of patients suffering from dysphagia is increasing worldwide due to the different factors, including ischemic stroke, which is a poorly studied disorder, in Ecuador there are no studies on dysphagia in patients of productive age. Swallowing is a neuromuscular process of the oropharyngeal cavity, whose goal is to pass the bolus from the mouth to the stomach. In this process there are three stages in swallowing: oral, pharyngeal and esophageal phases. Any type of alteration in one of the phases of swallowing causes dysphagia or difficulty in swallowing saliva and food that can lead the patient to malnutrition, dehydration and aspiration pneumonia. A field study, descriptive and non-experimental, was carried out. The collection of information was taken from surveys conducted to professionals specialized in swallowing and medical history, the Protocol for the Evaluation of Swallowing Vascular Brain Accident "GUSS" was applied, the independent variable is Ischemic Stroke and the dependent variable is dysphagia oropharyngeal, this research was carried out for purely scientific and academic purposes.
The proposal is to design an protocol for patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia due to an ischemic stroke. The population of patients suffering from dysphagia is increasing worldwide due to the different factors, including ischemic stroke, which is a poorly studied disorder, in Ecuador there are no studies on dysphagia in patients of productive age. Swallowing is a neuromuscular process of the oropharyngeal cavity, whose goal is to pass the bolus from the mouth to the stomach. In this process there are three stages in swallowing: oral, pharyngeal and esophageal phases. Any type of alteration in one of the phases of swallowing causes dysphagia or difficulty in swallowing saliva and food that can lead the patient to malnutrition, dehydration and aspiration pneumonia. A field study, descriptive and non-experimental, was carried out. The collection of information was taken from surveys conducted to professionals specialized in swallowing and medical history, the Protocol for the Evaluation of Swallowing Vascular Brain Accident "GUSS" was applied, the independent variable is Ischemic Stroke and the dependent variable is dysphagia oropharyngeal, this research was carried out for purely scientific and academic purposes.
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Disfagia bucofaríngea, Apoplejía isquémica, Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador