Prevalencia de depresión en pacientes del servicio de cardiología Hospital Regional IESS Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo 2007 - 2009
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2011
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
A nivel mundial la calidad de vida se afecta por dos patologías principales, la enfermedad coronaria y la depresión mayor. Se ha determinado que la aparición de síntomas depresivos constituye un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de un evento coronario independiente de los ya conocidos factores cardiovasculares. La asociación de ambas patologías empeora el pronóstico de los pacientes, conllevando a la aparición de un futuro evento cardíaco y mortalidad precoz, de ahí la importancia de un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno. Se realizó la presente investigación sobre “Prevalencia de la Depresión entre los Pacientes Hospitalizados en el Servicio de Cardiología del Hospital Regional 2 IESS Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo”, con la finalidad de determinar el porcentaje de presentación de cuadros depresivos como factor de riesgo en pacientes cardiológicos entre los años 2007 a 2009, mediante un estudio descriptivo, de diseño no experimental longitudinal retrospectivo a través de la revisión de las valoraciones psiquiátricas incluidas en las historias clínicas de los 105 pacientes que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y formaron parte del estudio, determinándose que del total de la población el 64,76% pertenecían al sexo masculino, el grupo etario predominante fue 60-69 años (37,14%), 45,72% eran casados, con afiliación activa el 44,76%, tuvieron diagnóstico de infarto agudo de miocardio el 60,95%. La depresión fue el diagnóstico que prevaleció en las valoraciones psiquiátricas (71,42%), reportaron antecedentes patológicos personales de depresión 52,38%, habían recibido tratamiento antidepresivo previo al evento cardiovascular el 8,57%. El fármaco antidepresivo más utilizado fue la fluoxetina en 34,29% de los pacientes. Mantuvieron el tratamiento antidepresivo por 6 meses o más 55,24%, lo que les permitió mejorar la estabilidad cardiovascular durante 6 meses o más al 75,24%.
At world-wide level the quality of life is affected by two main pathologies, the coronary disease and the greater depression. One has determined that the appearance of depressive symptoms constitutes a factor of risk for the development of an independent coronary event of already known factors cardiovascular. The association of both pathologies makes worse the prognosis of the patients, entailing to the appearance of a future cardiac event and precocious mortality, of there the importance of a diagnosis and opportune treatment. The present investigation was realised on “Prevalence of the Depression between the Hospitalized Patients in the Service of Cardiology of the Regional Hospital 2 IESS Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo”, in order to determine the percentage of depressive picture presentation like factor of risk in cardiological patients enters years 2007 2009, by means of a descriptive study, of retrospective longitudinal nonexperimental design through the revision of the psychiatric valuations including in clinical histories of the 105 patients which fulfilled the inclusion criteria and comprised of the study, determining itself that of the total of the population 64.76% belonged to masculine sex, the predominant age group was 60-69 years (37.14%), 45.72% were married, with affiliation activates 44.76%, they had diagnosis of acute infarct of myocardium 60,95%. The depression was the diagnosis that prevailed in the psychiatric valuations (71.42%), reported personal pathological antecedents of depression 52.38%, had received previous antidepressing treatment to the cardiovascular event 8.57%. The used antidepressing drug more was the fluoxetina in 34,29% of the patients. They maintained the antidepressing treatment by 6 months or more 55.24%, which allowed them to improve the cardiovascular stability during 6 months or more to 75.24%.
At world-wide level the quality of life is affected by two main pathologies, the coronary disease and the greater depression. One has determined that the appearance of depressive symptoms constitutes a factor of risk for the development of an independent coronary event of already known factors cardiovascular. The association of both pathologies makes worse the prognosis of the patients, entailing to the appearance of a future cardiac event and precocious mortality, of there the importance of a diagnosis and opportune treatment. The present investigation was realised on “Prevalence of the Depression between the Hospitalized Patients in the Service of Cardiology of the Regional Hospital 2 IESS Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo”, in order to determine the percentage of depressive picture presentation like factor of risk in cardiological patients enters years 2007 2009, by means of a descriptive study, of retrospective longitudinal nonexperimental design through the revision of the psychiatric valuations including in clinical histories of the 105 patients which fulfilled the inclusion criteria and comprised of the study, determining itself that of the total of the population 64.76% belonged to masculine sex, the predominant age group was 60-69 years (37.14%), 45.72% were married, with affiliation activates 44.76%, they had diagnosis of acute infarct of myocardium 60,95%. The depression was the diagnosis that prevailed in the psychiatric valuations (71.42%), reported personal pathological antecedents of depression 52.38%, had received previous antidepressing treatment to the cardiovascular event 8.57%. The used antidepressing drug more was the fluoxetina in 34,29% of the patients. They maintained the antidepressing treatment by 6 months or more 55.24%, which allowed them to improve the cardiovascular stability during 6 months or more to 75.24%.
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Depresión, Enfermedad coronaria, Factores de riesgo, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador