Tratamiento para la retinopatía de la prematuridad uso de anti factor de crecimiento endotelial
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La Retinopatía de la prematuridad es de origen multifactorial y producida por la presencia
de una retina inmadura con poca vascularidad al momento de darse el nacimiento
pretérmino, que se presenta en aproximadamente el 10% de los prematuros, con un
desarrollo del 3 – 5%, con alta probabilidad de ceguera si no es tratada a tiempo. Este
trabajo tuvo como objetivo general determinar la utilidad del Anti VGEF en el tratamiento
de la Retinopatía de la Prematuridad, para lo cual se identificaron los referentes teóricos y
metodológicos de la Retinopatía de la Prematuridad y su tratamiento, se analizó la eficacia
del uso de Anti VGEF en el tratamiento de la RP desde el campo Biológico y Terapéutico
y se diseñó un algoritmo Terapéutico para el uso oportuno del Anti VGEF, en el
tratamiento de la RP. Se trató de una investigación cualitativa, con una metodología de
estudio de caso, donde se analizó la problemática desde la parte biológica y terapéutica en
el Hospital de Niños Roberto Gilbert E. y se encuestaron a especialistas en oftalmología y
se entrevistaron dos especialistas retinólogos donde se obtuvieron como resultados la
importancia del tamizaje (diagnóstico prematuro) para lograr un tratamiento adecuado y
precoz, además se pudo observar que la terapia con anti VGEF es eficaz en el estadio 2 y 3
en la zona I o II, sin complicaciones en el corto plazo, por lo que se sugiere su uso y
protocolización, Se concluye el trabajo al indicar, que a pesar de ser una técnica
relativamente nueva, promete muy buenos resultados para algunos tipos de retinopatía, sin
embargo son necesarios estudios controlados y a largo plazo; además no supone un
desplazamiento de la técnica de láser, sino que el tratamiento debe ser aplicado
dependiendo de la localización y severidad.
Retinopathy of prematurity is multifactorial in origin and caused by the presence of an immature retina with little vascularity when given preterm birth, which occurs in approximately 10% of premature babies, with a development of 3 to 5% with high probability of blindness if not treated in time. This work had as general objective to determine the usefulness of the Anti VGEF in the treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity, for which the theoretical and methodological references of Retinopathy of Prematurity and its treatment were identified, the efficacy of Anti she analyzed VGEF in the treatment of RP from the biologic and therapeutic field and therapeutic algorithm for timely use of Anti VGEF, in the treatment of RP was designed. It was a qualitative research, with a methodology of case study, where the problem was analyzed from the biological and therapeutic part in the Children's Hospital Roberto Gilbert E. and surveyed specialists in ophthalmology and interviewed two retinologists specialists where obtained as a result of the importance of screening (early diagnosis) for proper and early treatment, and it was observed that therapy with anti VGEF is effective in stage 2 and 3 in zone I or II, without complications in the short term , so it is suggested to use and protocolización, work indicating that despite being a relatively new technique promises very good results for some types of retinopathy is concluded, however controlled studies are needed and long term; also not a displacement of the laser technique, but the treatment must be applied depending on the location and severity.
Retinopathy of prematurity is multifactorial in origin and caused by the presence of an immature retina with little vascularity when given preterm birth, which occurs in approximately 10% of premature babies, with a development of 3 to 5% with high probability of blindness if not treated in time. This work had as general objective to determine the usefulness of the Anti VGEF in the treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity, for which the theoretical and methodological references of Retinopathy of Prematurity and its treatment were identified, the efficacy of Anti she analyzed VGEF in the treatment of RP from the biologic and therapeutic field and therapeutic algorithm for timely use of Anti VGEF, in the treatment of RP was designed. It was a qualitative research, with a methodology of case study, where the problem was analyzed from the biological and therapeutic part in the Children's Hospital Roberto Gilbert E. and surveyed specialists in ophthalmology and interviewed two retinologists specialists where obtained as a result of the importance of screening (early diagnosis) for proper and early treatment, and it was observed that therapy with anti VGEF is effective in stage 2 and 3 in zone I or II, without complications in the short term , so it is suggested to use and protocolización, work indicating that despite being a relatively new technique promises very good results for some types of retinopathy is concluded, however controlled studies are needed and long term; also not a displacement of the laser technique, but the treatment must be applied depending on the location and severity.
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Retinopatía de la prematuridad, Antifactor de crecimiento endotelial vascular, Tratamiento, Hospital de Niños Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde, Epidemiología descriptiva, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador